test report

FCC ID: GQ4-60T

Test Report

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                            University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                      FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656



                                      The University of Michigan
                                        Radiation Laboratory
                                         3228 EECS Building
                                      Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2122
                                         Tel: (734) 764-0500
                                         Fax: (734) 647-2106


                                 Measured Radio Frequency Emissions
                                               From

                                     TRW Inc. Transmitter
                                      FCC ID: GQ4-60T
                                       IC: 1470A-41T

                                      Test Report No. 417124-656
                                            March 8, 2013

                                            Copyright © 2013


                                                For:
                                              TRW Inc.
                                        24175 Research Drive
                                   Farmington Hills, MI 48335-2642
                                        Contact: Mark Baker
                                        mark.baker@trw.com
                                        Phone: 248-699-4487
                                         Fax: 248-699-4241


                                                Testing supervised by:
Measurements made by: Valdis V. Liepa            Report Approved by:__________________________
                                                                            Valdis V. Liepa
Test report written by:   Valdis V. Liepa                                   Research Scientist

Summary

Tests for compliance with FCC Regulations, CFR 47, Part 15 and with Industry Canada RSS-210/Gen,
were performed on a TRW, FCC ID: GQ4-60T, IC: 1470A-41T. This device under test (DUT) is subject
to the rules and regulations as a Transmitter.
         In testing completed on November 30, 2012, the DUT tested met the allowed specifications for
radiated emissions by 4.9 dB. Conducted emissions are not subject to regulation as the DUT is powered
by a 3 VDC battery.




                                              Page 1 of 11


                                 University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                           FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656



                                                      Table of Contents


1.   Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3
2.   Equipment Used ............................................................................................................................... 3
3.   Device Under Test ........................................................................................................................... 4
     3.1       Description & Block Diagram .............................................................................................. 4
     3.2       Variants & Samples .............................................................................................................. 4
     3.3       Modes of Operation .............................................................................................................. 4
     3.4       Exemptions ........................................................................................................................... 4
     3.5       EMC Relevant Modifications ............................................................................................... 4
4.   Emissions Limits.............................................................................................................................. 5
     4.1       Radiated Emissions Limits.................................................................................................... 5
5.   Measurement Procedures ................................................................................................................. 6
     5.1       Semi-Anechoic Chamber Radiated Emissions...................................................................... 6
     5.2       Outdoor Radiated Emissions ................................................................................................. 6
     5.3       Radiated Field Computations ................................................................................................ 6
     5.4       Indoor Power Line Conducted Emissions ............................................................................. 6
     5.5       Supply Voltage Variation...................................................................................................... 7
6.   Test Results ...................................................................................................................................... 7
     6.1       Radiated Emissions ............................................................................................................... 7
     6.1.1         Correction for Pulse Operation ......................................................................................... 7
     6.1.2         Emission Spectrum ........................................................................................................... 7
     6.1.3         Emission Bandwidth ......................................................................................................... 7
     6.1.4         Supply Voltage and Supply Voltage Variation ................................................................. 7
     6.2       Conducted Emissions ............................................................................................................ 7




                                                                Page 2 of 11


                            University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                      FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656

1. Introduction

This TRW Transmitter was tested for compliance with FCC Regulations, Part 15, adopted under Docket
87-389, April 18, 1989 as subsequently amended, and with Industry Canada RSS-210/Gen, Issue 8. Tests
were performed at the University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory Willow Run Test Range following
the procedures described in ANSI C63.4-2003 "Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from
Low-Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz". The Site
description and attenuation characteristics of the Open Site facility are on file with FCC Laboratory,
Columbia, Maryland (FCC Reg. No: 91050) and with Industry Canada, Ottawa, ON (File Ref. No: IC
2057A-1).


2. Equipment Used

The test equipment commonly used in our facility is listed in Table 2.1. Except where indicated as a pre-
test, monitoring, or support device; all equipment listed below is a part of the University of Michigan
Radiation Laboratory (UMRL) quality system. This quality system has been established to ensure all
equipment has a clearly identifiable classification, calibration expiry date, and that all calibrations are
traceable to national standards.
                                       Table 2.1 Test Equipment.
           Test Instrument              Used                Manufacturer/Model                Q Number
Spectrum Analyzer (9kHz-26GHz)                  Hewlett-Packard 8593E, SN: 3412A01131          HP8593E1
Spectrum Analyzer (9kHz-6.5GHz)                 Hewlett-Packard 8595E, SN: 3543A01546          JDB8595E
Power Meter                                     Hewlett-Packard, 432A                          HP432A1
Harmonic Mixer (26-40 GHz)                      Hewlett-Packard 11970A, SN: 3003A08327        HP11970A1
Harmonic Mixer (40-60 GHz)                      Hewlett-Packard 11970U, SN: 2332A00500        HP11970U1
Harmonic Mixer (75-110 GHz)                     Hewlett-Packard 11970W, SN: 2521A00179        HP11970W1
Harmonic Mixer (140-220 GHz)                    Pacific Millimeter Prod., GMA, SN: 26         PMPGMA1
S-Band Std. Gain Horn                           S/A, Model SGH-2.6                              SBAND1
C-Band Std. Gain Horn                           University of Michigan, NRL design             CBAND1
XN-Band Std. Gain Horn                          University of Michigan, NRL design            XNBAND1
X-Band Std. Gain Horn                           S/A, Model 12-8.2                              XBAND1
X-band horn (8.2- 12.4 GHz)                     Narda 640                                      XBAND2
X-band horn (8.2- 12.4 GHz)                     Scientific Atlanta , 12-8.2, SN: 730           XBAND3
K-band horn (18-26.5 GHz)                       FXR, Inc., K638KF                              KBAND1
Ka-band horn (26.5-40 GHz)                      FXR, Inc., U638A                              KABAND1
U-band horn (40-60 GHz)                         Custom Microwave, HO19                         UBAND1
W-band horn(75-110 GHz)                         Custom Microwave, HO10                         WBAND1
G-band horn (140-220 GHz)                       Custom Microwave, HO5R                         GBAND1
Bicone Antenna (30-250 MHz)                     University of Michigan, RLBC-1                  LBBIC1
Bicone Antenna (200-1000 MHz)                   University of Michigan, RLBC-2                  HBBIC1
Dipole Antenna Set (30-1000 MHz)                University of Michigan, RLDP-1,-2,-3            UMDIP1
Dipole Antenna Set (30-1000 MHz)                EMCO 3121C, SN: 992 (Ref. Antennas)             EMDIP1
Active Rod Antenna (30 Hz-50 MHz)               EMCO 3301B, SN: 3223                           EMROD1
Active Loop Antenna (30 Hz-50 MHz)              EMCO 6502, SN:2855                            EMLOOP1
Ridge-horn Antenna (300-5000 MHz)               University of Michigan                          UMRH1
Amplifier (5-1000 MHz)                          Avantek, A11-1, A25-1S                         AVAMP1
Amplifier (5-4500 MHz)                          Avantek                                        AVAMP2
Amplifier (4.5-13 GHz)                          Avantek, AFT-12665                             AVAMP3
Amplifier (6-16 GHz)                            Trek                                            TRAMP1
Amplifier (16-26 GHz)                           Avantek                                        AVAMP4
LISN Box                                        University of Michigan                         UMLISN1
Signal Generator                                Hewlett-Packard 8657B                            HPSG1
                                               Page 3 of 11


                             University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                       FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656



3. Device Under Test

3.1 Description & Block Diagram
The DUT is a 315 MHz Transmitter designed for automotive/vehicular applications. It is powered by a 3
VDC lithium battery and is housed in a plastic case approximately 7 x 6 x 2 cm in dimension. The DUT is
permanently affixed in the wheel of a tire.

     Device                [Make], Model               [S/N],P/N                EMC Consideration
     DUT                   [TRW]                       225816-123               FCC + IC

3.2 Variants & Samples
There is only a single variant of this device. Three samples were provided for testing, one normal sample,
one capable of CW transmission, and one un-welded for photographs and voltage variation.

3.3 Modes of Operation
The DUT periodically transmits tire pressure data. The device is also capable of being automatically
actuated (via LF interrogation) either by in-vehicle LF initiators or by trained personnel during servicing.
Per FCC correspondence, service modes fall under FCC part 15.231(a)(5). Figure 6.1 demonstrates
compliance with both 15.231(a)(2) and (5). A detailed list of all operating modes is included in the
Description of Operation exhibit.

3.4 Exemptions

     The DUT is permanently installed in a transportation vehicle. As such, digital emissions are exempt
     from regulation (per FCC 15.103(a) and IC correspondence on ICES-003).

     The DUT employs some modes of operation that alert the vehicle user of sudden changes in tire
     pressure. Such alert modes fall under FCC 15.231(a)(4), and may operate during the pendency of the
     alarm condition.

3.5 EMC Relevant Modifications
No EMI Relevant Modifications were performed by this test laboratory.




                                                Page 4 of 11


                             University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                       FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656

4. Emissions Limits

4.1 Radiated Emissions Limits
The DUT tested falls under the category of an Intentional Radiator. The applicable testing frequencies and
corresponding emission limits set by both the FCC and IC are given in Tables 4.1 and 4.2 below.
Table 4.1. TX Emission Limits (FCC: 15.231(e), .205(a); IC: RSS-210 2.7 T5).
                                           Fundamental                        Spurious**
                Frequency                 Ave. Elim (3m)                    Ave. Elim (3m)
                  (MHz)                (µV/m)       dB (µV/m)            (µV/m)       dB (µV/m)
               260.0-470.0           1500-5000*                          150-500
                   315.0                2417           67.7               241.7          47.7
                   433.9                4399           72.9               439.9          52.9
                322-335.4
                                              Restricted
                399.9-410                                                   200             46.0
                                               Bands
                 608-614
            960-1240/1427(IC)
                1300-1427
               1435-1626.5
                                              Restricted
            1645.5-1646.5 (IC)                                              500             54.0
                                               Bands
                1660-1710
              1718.9-1722.2
                2200-2300
         * Linear interpolation, formula: E = -2833.2 + 16.67*f (MHz)
        ** Measure up to tenth harmonic; 120 kHz BW up to 1 GHz, 1 MHz BW above 1 GHz
Table 4.2. Spurious Emission Limits (FCC: 15.33, .35, .109/209; IC: RSS-210 2.7, T2)

                      Freq. (MHz)                   Elim (3m) µV/m                Elim dB(µV/m)
                         30-88                            100                           40.0
                         88-216                           150                           43.5
                        216-960                           200                           46.0
                       960-2000                           500                           54.0
        Note: Average readings apply above 1000 MHz (1 MHz BW), Quasi-Peak readings apply to 1000 MHz
        (120 kHz RBW), PRF of intentional emissions > 20 Hz for QPK to apply.


Power Line Conducted Emissions Limits
Table 4.3 Emission Limits (FCC:15.107 (CISPR); IC: RSS-Gen, 7.2.2 T2).
      Frequency                 Class A (dBµV)                              Class B (dBµV)
        (MHz)            Quasi-peak         Average                Quasi-peak           Average
      .150 - 0.50           79                 66                   66 - 56*            56 - 46*
        0.50 - 5            73                 60                      56                  46
         5 - 30             73                 60                      60                  50
     Notes:
     1. The lower limit shall apply at the transition frequency
     2. The limit decreases linearly with the logarithm of the frequency in the range 0.15-0.50 MHz:
        *Class B Quasi-peak: dBµV = 50.25 - 19.12*log( f )
        *Class B Average: dBµV = 40.25 - 19.12*log( f )
     3. 9 kHz RBW


                                                  Page 5 of 11


                             University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                       FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656

5. Measurement Procedures

5.1 Semi-Anechoic Chamber Radiated Emissions
To become familiar with the radiated emission behavior of the DUT, the device is first studied and
measured in our shielded semi-anechoic chamber. In the chamber there is a set-up similar to that of an
outdoor 3-meter site, with a turntable, an antenna mast, and a ground plane. Instrumentation includes
spectrum analyzers and other equipment as needed.
         The DUT is laid on the test table as shown in the included block diagram and/or photographs. A
shielded loop antenna is employed when studying emissions from 9 kHz to 30 MHz. Above 30 MHz and
below 250 MHz a biconical antenna is employed. Above 250 MHz a ridge or and standard gain horn
antennas are used. The spectrum analyzer resolution and video bandwidths are set so as to measure the
DUT emission without decreasing the emission bandwidth (EBW) of the device. Emissions are studied
for all orientations (3-axes) of the DUT and all test antenna polarizations. In the chamber, spectrum and
modulation characteristics of intentional carriers are recorded. Receiver spurious emissions are measured
with an appropriate carrier signal applied. Associated test data is presented in subsequent sections.

5.2 Outdoor Radiated Emissions
 After measurements are performed indoors, emissions on our outdoor 3-meter Open Area Test Site
(OATS) are made, when applicable. If the DUT connects to auxiliary equipment and is table or floor
standing, the configurations prescribed in ANSI C63.4 are employed. Alternatively, an on-table layout
more representative of actual use may be employed if the resulting emissions appear to be worst-case in
such a configuration. Any intentionally radiating elements are placed on the test table flat, on their side,
and on their end (3-axes) and worst case emissions are recorded. For each configuration the DUT is
rotated 360 degrees about its azimuth and the receive antenna is raised and lowered between 1 and 4
meters to maximize radiated emissions from the device. Receiver spurious emissions are measured with
an appropriate carrier signal applied. For devices with intentional emissions below 30 MHz, our shielded
loop antenna at a 1 meter receive height is used. Low frequency field extrapolation to the regulatory limit
distance is employed as needed. Emissions between 30 MHz and 1 GHz are measured using tuned
dipoles and/or biconical antennas. Care is taken to ensure that the RBW and VBW used meet the
regulatory requirements, and that the EBW of the DUT is not reduced. The Photographs included in this
report show the Test Setup.

5.3 Radiated Field Computations
To convert the dBm values measured on the spectrum analyzer to dB(µV/m), we use expression

                         E3(dBµV/m) = 107 + PR + KA - KG + KE - CF

where       PR   =   power recorded on spectrum analyzer, dBm, measured at 3 m
            KA   =   antenna factor, dB/m
            KG   =   pre-amplifier gain, including cable loss, dB
            KE   =   duty correction factor, dB
            CF   =   distance conversion (employed only if limits are specified at alternate distance), dB

        When presenting the data at each frequency, the highest measured emission under all of the
possible DUT orientations (3-axes) is given.

5.4 Indoor Power Line Conducted Emissions
When applicable, power line conducted emissions are measured in our semi-anechoic chamber. If the
DUT connects to auxiliary equipment and is table or floor standing, the configurations prescribed in
ANSI C63.4 are employed. Alternatively, an on-table layout more representative of actual use may be
employed if the resulting emissions appear to be worst-case in such a configuration.
                                                Page 6 of 11


                             University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                       FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656

          The conducted emissions measured with the spectrum analyzer and recorded (in dBµV) from 0-2
MHz and 2-30 MHz for both the ungrounded (Hi) and grounded (Lo) conductors. The spectrum analyzer
is set to peak-hold mode in order to record the highest peak throughout the course of functional operation.
Only when the emission exceeds or is near the limit are quasi-peak and average detection used.


5.5 Supply Voltage Variation
Measurements of the variation in the fundamental radiated emission were performed with the supply
voltage varied by no less than 85% and 115% of the nominal rated value. For battery operated equipment,
tests were performed using a new battery, and worst case emissions are re-checked employing a new
battery.

6. Test Results

6.1 Radiated Emissions

6.1.1 Correction for Pulse Operation
When the transmitter is activated (every 200 seconds when driving, or or by single LF interrogation), it
can, in the worst case, transmit two 7.7625 ms frames within any given 100 ms window. See Figure 6.1.
Computing the duty factor results in:
                             KE = (2 x 7.625 ms) / 100 ms = 0.153 or -16.3 dB.

6.1.2 Emission Spectrum
The relative DUT emission spectrum is recorded and is shown in Figure 6.2.

6.1.3 Emission Bandwidth
The emission bandwidth of the signal is shown in Figure 6.3. The allowed 99% bandwidth is 0.25% of
315 MHz, or 787.25 kHz. From the plot we see that the EBW is 105.0 kHz.

6.1.4 Supply Voltage and Supply Voltage Variation
The DUT has been designed to be powered by a 3 VDC battery. For this test, relative radiated power was
measured at the fundamental as the voltage was varied from 2 to 4 volts. The emission variation is shown
in Figure 6.4.

          Batteries:    before testing          Voc =   3.04 V
                        after testing           Voc =   2.91 V
          Ave. current from batteries           I =     6.2 mA (cw)


6.2 Conducted Emissions
These tests do not apply, since the DUT is powered from a 3 VDC battery.


                                         The University of Michigan
                                           Radiation Laboratory
                                            3228 EECS Building
                                         Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2122
                                            Tel: (734) 764-0500
                                            Fax: (734) 647-2106



                                                Page 7 of 11


                                   University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                             FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656

                                   Table 6.1 Highest Emissions Measured

                                Radiated Emission - RF                                             TRW -60T; FCC/IC
       Freq.   Ant.   Ant.       Pr    Det.    Ka      Kg      E3*        E3lim     Pass
 #     MHz     Used   Pol.     dBm     Used   dB/m     dB    dBµV/m      dBµV/m      dB            Comments
  1    315.0   Dip     H       -24.2    Pk    18.6    22.3     62.8        67.7      4.9   flat
  2    315.0   Dip     V       -28.7    Pk    18.6    22.3     58.3        67.7      9.4   side
  3    630.0   Dip     H       -77.7    Pk    24.4    19.2     18.1        47.7     29.5   flat
  4    630.0   Dip     V       -79.7    Pk    24.4    19.2     16.1        47.7     31.5   end
  5    945.0   Dip     H       -76.7    Pk    28.8    17.2     25.6        47.7     22.1   flat
  6    945.0   Dip     V       -81.1    Pk    28.8    17.2     21.2        47.7     26.5   end
  7   1260.0   Horn    H       -35.9    Pk    20.6    28.1     47.3        54.0      6.7   flat
  8   1575.0   Horn    H       -49.2    Pk    21.5    28.1     34.9        54.0     19.1   flat
  9   1890.0   Horn    H       -60.3    Pk    22.2    28.1     24.5        54.0     29.5   side
10    2205.0   Horn    H       -58.4    Pk    23.0    26.5     28.8        54.0     25.1   side
11    2520.0   Horn    H       -59.8    Pk    23.9    26.0     28.8        54.0     25.2   flat
12    2835.0   Horn    H       -64.9    Pk    24.8    24.7     25.9        54.0     28.1   side
13    3150.0   Horn    H       -69.1    Pk    25.8    23.6     23.8        54.0     30.1   side
14
15
16
17
18                                            * Includes 16.3 dB duty factor
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
                                           Digital Radiated Emissions*
     Freq.    Ant. Ant.        Pr      Det.      Ka       Kg       E3       E3lim     Pass           Comments
 #    kHz     Used Pol.       dBm Used dB/m dB                  dBµV/m dBµV/m          dB
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36 * For devices used in transportation vehicles, digital emissions are exempt from FCC regulations per FCC 15.103(a)
                                                                                           Meas. 11/30/2012; U of Mich.
                                                     Page 8 of 11


                        University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                  FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656




Figure 6.1(a). Manually Actuated Transmission characteristics. (top) complete transmission, (center)
                         expanded transmission, (bottom) expanded frame.




                                           Page 9 of 11


                            University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                      FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656




Figure 6.2. Emission spectrum of the DUT (pulsed emission). Amplitudes are only indicative (not calibrated).




                      Figure 6.3. Measured emission bandwidth of the DUT (pulsed).




                  Figure 6.4. Relative emission at fundamental vs. supply voltage (pulsed).




                                               Page 10 of 11


                            University of Michigan Radiation Laboratory
                      FCC Part 15, IC RSS-210/Gen - Test Report No. 417124-656




Photograph 6.5. DUT on OATS (one of three axes tested)




Photograph 6.6. Close-up of DUT on OATS (one of three axes tested)




                                             Page 11 of 11



Document Created: 2013-03-08 13:11:20
Document Modified: 2013-03-08 13:11:20

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