Attachment 8.1m Freq coor

This document pretains to SES-LIC-20030502-00571 for License on a Satellite Earth Station filing.

IBFS_SESLIC2003050200571_337069

                                                                                 3/13/03

                                           Exhibit For
                                        Castle Rock, CO
                                      8.1 m Earth Station
                                    Earth Station ID#: CK-10

     Compliance with FCC Report & Order (FCC96-377) for the 13.75 - 14.0 GHz Band
                              Analysis and Calculations


1.        Background

This Exhibit is presented to demonstrate the extent to which PanAmSat satellite earth station
planned for the Castle Rock, CO site is in compliance with FCC REPORT & ORDER 96-
377. The potential interference from the earth station to US Navy shipboard radiolocation
operations (RADAR) and the NASA space research activities in the 13.75 - 14.0 GHz Band
is addressed in this exhibit. The parameters for the earth station are:

                           Table 1. Earth Station Characteristics



      •   Coordinates :                             39 16 38 N, 104 48 23 W (NAD83)
                                                    Antenna ID: CK-10

      •   Satellite Location for Earth Station:        PAS-8B (43o W.L.)
                                                       PAS-1R (45o W.L.)
                                                       Galaxy XI (91o W.L.)

      •   Frequency Band:                           13.750-13.755 GHz and 13.99-14.0 GHz
          for uplink,

      •   Polarizations:                            Dual linear, V and H

      •   Emissions                                 750KF2D,

      •   Modulation                                QPSK

      •   Maximum Required Uplink EIRP:             85 dBW for each Carrier
                                                    62.3 dBW/4 kHz worst case

      •   Transmit Antenna Characteristics
             Antenna Size/Gain:                     8.1 meter / 59.5 dBi
             Antenna Type/Model:                    Vertex 8.1KPK


   •   RF power into Antenna Flange:             25.5 dBW or 2.8 dBW/4 kHz (Maximum)

   •   Elevation Angle:                      13.0° @ 108.7° Az (43o W.L.)
                                             14.5° @ 110.2° Az (45o W.L.)
                                             42.3° @ 158.8° Az (91o W.L.)

   •   Off-axis Side Lobe Antenna Gain:                 32- 25*log(θ)

Because the above spectrum is shared with the Federal Government, coordination in this
band requires resolution data pertaining to potential interference between the earth station
and both Navy Department and NASA systems. Potential interference from the earth station
could impact with the Navy and/or NASA systems in five areas. These areas are noted in
FCC Report and Order 96-377 dated September 1996, and consist of (1) Radiolocation and
radio navigation, (2) Data Relay Satellites, (3) Precipitation Radar, (4) Altimeters, and (5)
Scatterometers.

Summary of Coordination Issues:

1) Potential Impact to Government Radiolocation (Shipboard Radar)
2) Potential Impact to NASA Data Relay Satellite Systems (TDRSS)
3) Potential Impact to NASA/NASDA Operations (Precipitation Radar)
4) Potential Impact to NASA Operations (Altimeters)
5) Potential Impact to NASA Operations (Scatterometers)

2.0 Potential Impact to Government Radiolocation (Shipboard Radar)

Radiolocation operations (RADAR) may occur anywhere in the 13.4 - 14 GHz frequency
band aboard ocean going United States Navy ships. The Federal Communication
Commission (FCC) order 96-377 allocates the top 250 MHz of this 600 MHz band to the
Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) on a co-primary basis with the radiolocation operations and
provides for an interference protection level of -167 dBW/m2/4 kHz.

The closest distance to the shoreline from Castle Rock, CO earth station is approximately
1180 km southwest towards the Gulf of California and over 1300 km toward the Pacific
Ocean near San Diego, CA.

The RADAR characteristics used for the calculations are presented in Table 2.


                            Table 2. RADAR Characteristics

       Transmitter Parameters

       Transmit Power*       250 kWatts
       Frequency Range       13.4-14.0 GHz

       Spectral Density Transmitted at the Tuned Frequency

       Pulse Width**         0.5 µs          25.8 dBW/4kHz
       Pulse Width**         1.0 µs          28.8 dBW/4kHz
       Pulse Width**         2.0 µs          31.8 dBW/4kHz
       Pulse Rate**                          1200 pulses per second
       Emission Characteristics              Sin(θ)/θ Roll-Off
       Mode of Operation                     Pulse Doppler Detection


       Antenna Parameters

       Shape*                         Circular and Parabolic
       Physical Size*                 1.5 m2
       Antenna Gain at 14 GHz*        44.3 dB

       Antenna Motion*                360° Rotation in Detection Mode
                                      Track Mode after Target lock-on and Weapon-on
       Effective Area of Antenna
               Main Beam*             1.0 m2
               Side Lobe Gain         -10.0 dB
       Antenna height                 51 feet

       Receiver Parameters

       Noise Figure*                  8 dB
       Doppler Filter for Mach 1      31 kHz
       Interference Criteria          -167 dB (W/m2/4 kHz)


The earth station’s power flux density was calculated at the azimuths toward the closest
points of the shoreline. Profiles were performed to determine the effects of earth bulge and
terrain to a point in the Gulf of California and also the Pacific Ocean near San Diego.
Because of the tremendous distance to the nearest shoreline additional profiles at other
radials were deemed unnecessary. The signal flux density at these points on the shoreline,
considering over-the-horizon loss are calculated as follows and shown in the Table below:

PFD = Antenna Feed Power density (dBW/4 kHz) + Antenna Off-Axis Gain (dBi) – Spread
Loss (dBW-m2) – Over-the-Horizon Losses (dB)


Azimuth        RF Power ES Gain      Distance to Pathloss     PFD at    Meets
Toward The     Density (dBi)         Shoreline (dB)           Shoreline Interference
Coast          (dBW/4                (km)                     (dBW/m2/ Objective?
(degrees)      kHz)                                           4kHz)


226 (Gulf of         2.8     -10.0       1183.0       162.2       -301.9 Yes
 California)
244 (Pacific         2.8     -10.0       1321.0       182.1       -322.7 Yes
   Ocean at
 San Diego)



These levels are in compliance with the interference criteria requirements of -167
dBW/m2/4kHz for all azimuths. The profile data is attached in Annex 1.


3.      Potential Impact to NASA’s Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS)

The geographic location of the PanAmSat earth station in Castle Rock, CO is outside the 390
km radius coordination contour surrounding NASA’s White Sands, New Mexico ground
station complex. Therefore, the TDRSS space-to-earth link will not be impacted by the
PanAmSat earth station at the Castle Rock Site.

The TDRSS space-to-space link in the 13.772 to 13.778 GHz band is assumed to be
protected if an earth station produces an EIRP less than or equal to 71 dBW/6 MHz in this
band. The 8.1-meter earth station dish will have an EIRP of greater than 71 dBW in this
bandwidth. A worst case EIRP of 85.0 dBW in 750 kHz bandwidth is planned for the earth
station. This equates to an equivalent EIRP of 85.0 dBW/6 MHz. However, the Castle Rock
earth station does not intend to operate in the 13.772-13.778 frequency band and
consequently no interference to NASA TDRSS space-to-space links. Additionally, if the
Castle Rock, CO earth station were to operate in the TDRSS 13.772 to 13.778 GHz Band the
transmit power density would be lowered to 71 dBW/6 MHz.


4.      Potential Impact to NASA/NASDA Operations (Precipitation Radar)

The Tropical Rain Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) operates at two
frequencies 13793 and 13805 MHz with a bandwidth of 600 kHz at each frequency. The
FCC Report and Order 96-377 grants NASA protection to the spacecraft borne sensors like
those used for the TRMM in the 13.75 to 14.0 GHz band until January 1, 2001. The 8.1-
meter antenna system will have an EIRP of 85 dBW.

The ITU-R SA. 1071 states that the recommended threshold of interference at the two
TRMM frequencies is -150 dBW. The geographic location of the PanAmSat earth station
antenna is outside the TRMM PR “ground truth” exclusion zones described in ITU-R SA.
1071. For the earth station antenna location, the antenna coupling to the space borne antenna


can be earth station sidelobe to TRMM PR sidelobe, and earth station side lobe to TRMM PR
main beam. The coupling to the TRMM PR main beam is the worst case, therefore, it will be
the one calculated. The calculation will be made for an overhead pass of the TRMM PR
satellite having a ±17° cross-track scan. The calculation will be made for scan angles of 0°,
8.5° and 17°.


                      Table 2. Calculation Parameters for TRMM PR

       The parameters for the calculation are:
       TRMM Range @ 0° Scan Angle:                    350 km
       TRMM Range @ 8.5° Scan Angle:                  354 km
       TRMM Range @ 17° Scan Angle:                   366 km
       TRMM Antenna Gain:                             47.7 dBi
       Earth Station Elevation Angle:                 44.1°
       8.1-meter Antenna Gain:                        59.5 dBi
       Earth Station Side Lobe Antenna Gain:          32 - 25*log(θ)
                                                      Where θ is the angle between the Earth
                                                      Station antenna and the TRMM antenna.
       FSL @ 350 km                                   166.3 dB
       FSL @ 354 km                                   166.4 dB
       FSL @ 366 km                                   166.7 dB


                           Table 3. TRMM PR Calculated Results

                   8.1 meter Antenna Transmit Power = 25.5 dBW or 24.5 dBW/600 kHz

                      Calculations at Elevation angle 44.1°° (99o W.L.)

Scan Angle     ES Antenna Gain       TRMM Gain         FSL     Power Received    Margin
    0°           -9.4 dBi             47.7 dBi        166.3 dB   -103.5 dBW       - 46.5 dB
    8.5°         -7.2 dBi             47.7 dBi        166.4 dB   -101.4 dBW       - 48.6 dB
   17.0°        -4.4 dBi              47.7 dBi        166.7 dB   -98.8 dBW        - 51.2 dB

From the calculated results the earth station will not meet the interference criteria for an
EIRP of 85 dBW. However, the Castle Rock, CO earth does not intend to operate in the
TRMM frequency range and therefore no interference should occur.


5.     Potential Impact to Altimeter Operations

There are two families of airborne radar altimeters operating in the 13.75 - 14.0 GHz band
that are of concern with respect to interference from earth stations. They are the TOPEX-
POSEIDON and the ERS-1/2. These radar altimeters are downward looking pulsed-radar
installed on orbiting spacecraft. These systems are used to very precisely measure range
from the satellite to the surface of the earth. In addition to the operational radar in this band,


a number of other systems are planned in the future. The parameters for the operational radar
in this band are listed below.


Table 4. Altimeter Interference Criteria

  Radar System                 Frequency of Operation                Interference Criteria
TOPEX-POSEIDON (1)             13.60 GHZ ± 160 MHz                   - 117 dBW/320 MHz
TOPEX-POSEIDON (2)             13.65 GHz ± 160 MHz                   - 130 dBW/320 MHz
ERS -1/2                       13.77 GHz ± 165 MHz                   - 120 dBW/330 MHz

The orbiting spacecraft, with the radar altimeter, is assumed to be at an altitude of 800 km.
The worst case slant range from earth station to the spacecraft is 1141.4 km at the elevation
(44.1° for 99° W.L.) when the earth station main beam illuminates the spacecraft. This is the
worst case alignment of the earth station antenna and the spacecraft radar antenna. It will
occur when the spacecraft travels through the main beam circle formed by the earth station
antenna. The time it takes the spacecraft to travel through this circle in space is a function of
the 20-dB beam width of the earth station antenna (the 20-dB beam-width is used according
to ITU Appendix S7 calculation methods) and the speed of the spacecraft. The spacecraft is
traveling at 6.5 km/sec and the 20-dB beam width of the 8.1-meter antenna is estimated to be
0.45°. The diameter of the circle in space formed by the 8.1-meter antenna is 9.0 km at a
range of 1141.4 km. The spacecraft will pass through the beam width of the earth station’s
antenna at the elevation (44.1°) in approximately 1.4 seconds. During this time, there may be
a small blip of noise introduced into the radar display but it would be so transitory it may go
unnoticed.

The availability requirement for the NASA altimeter data is 95%, which assumes that the
associated individual outages are brief and randomly dispersed over all observation times and
areas. If the outage were due to only one earth station the 95% availability would not be a
problem. However, the outage caused by the earth station and other causes such as intense
rainfall must be accounted for in determining the net availability of the system. Because the
earth station interference will occur in a predictable manner for a given area it cannot be
considered random. However, because of its predictability and relatively short time duration,
it should have very little impact on the operation of present radar systems, and processing
circuits and/or procedures can be designed in future systems to minimize the effect of the
interference from single or multiple earth stations.


In order to calculate the interference level to the altimeter radar, we will assume that the side
lobe gain toward the earth station antenna is -10 dB. Since the earth stations signal is narrow
band compared to the RADAR bandwidth, the signals will be totally captured by the radar
receiver. The following parameters are used in the calculation:

       FSL for Antenna @ elevation (44.1°):           176.4 dB
       Atmospheric Absorption:                        0.5 dB
       EIRP 8.1-meter Antennas:                       85 dBW


                       Table 5. Altimeter Calculated Results

                       Earth Station for 85 dBW @ Elevation 44.1°°

Radar Receiver                         Interference Level            Margin
TOPEX-POSEIDON (1)                      - 101.9 dBW                 - 15.1 dB
TOPEX-POSEIDON (2)                      - 101.9 dBW                 - 28.1 dB
ERS-1/2                                 - 101.9 dBW                 - 18.1 dB

The comparison of these levels to the interference criteria indicates that there may be
interference coupled to the altimeters at an EIRP of 85 dBW. However, even if the Castle
Rock, CO earth station generates some interference to the altimeters, the net result will not
prevent the 95 % availability of the RADAR data.

For example, if the earth station interfered with a satellite altimeter at the minimum elevation
angle (44.1°), a very unlikely condition, the total outage time would be 1.4 seconds. This
would occur in a period of two hours which would mean the earth station would reduce the
availability of the altimeter data by 0.019% which would still allow for a data availability of
99.981% versus the required 95%. This would be the extreme worst case since the
probability of the satellite passing through the main beam of the earth station antenna in the
same orbit is very unlikely.

The Castle Rock, CO Site location of the earth station places them outside the TOPEX-
POSEIDON critical exclusion zone as defined in the ITU-R Recommendation SA. 1071.
The range of operational elevation look angles for the proposed earth station is 13° (43o
W.L.) to 44.1o for 99o W.L. These elevation angles are below the 71°-elevation angle
limitation required until January 1, 2001 in ITU-R Recommendation SA-1071.


6.     Potential Impact to NASA Scatterometer Operations

Scatterometers are spacecraft borne RADAR type devices that measure the near surface
vector winds over the ocean. Wind data over the oceans is considered a critical parameter in
the determination of weather patterns and global climate. The overall availability
requirement of the scatterometer system is similar to the altimeter radar. That is, some data
loss is tolerable when interference signals exceed interference thresholds. The scatterometers
can lose 1% of the ocean data from interference occurring systematically or 5% when the
interference is occurring randomly. The scatterometers operate at a center frequency of
13995 MHz ± 1.44 MHz. There are two types of antenna modes of operation, fan beam and
spot beam. For fan beam the aggregate interference threshold is - 174 dBW/2 kHz, for spot
beam - 155 dBW/10 kHz. ITU-R SA. 1071 Recommendation states that to protect
scatterometers using fan beams from unacceptable interference until 1 January 2000, FSS
earth stations should not exceed an EIRP density toward the scatterometer orbit over the
oceans of 25 dBW in any 2 kHz band between 13.99356 GHz and 13.99644 GHz. The earth
station at the Castle Rock, CO site could produce an EIRP of greater than 25 dBW in the
scatterometer frequency band. However, the earth station at Castle Rock, CO requires
the use of carriers between 13990 and 14000 MHz. Since the protection date of 1
January 2000 has long passed it is assumed that the new frequency agile NEXTSCAT
system is available and will not be susceptible to interference from this earth station.

Coordination Issue Result Summary and Conclusions

The results of the analysis and calculations performed in this exhibit indicate that compatible
operation between the earth station at Castle Rock, CO Site and the US Navy and NASA
systems is possible if certain operational precautions are taken. These precautions involve
avoidance of certain frequency ranges by the earth station so that interference will not occur
to NASA operations. Table 6 provides the frequency ranges to be avoided.


Table 6. Excluded Frequency Range for Castle Rock, CO Earth Station

               System                        Frequency Restriction
                                                   MHz


               TRMM PR                        13,792.7 – 13,793.3
               TRMM PR                        13,804.7 – 13,805.7

PanAmSat will avoid the above listed frequencies from their earth station operations under
high power conditions.

Note: Can still transmit at TRMM PR frequencies (13,792.7 – 13,793.3 MHz) since the
protection date expires on January 1, 2001.


The calculations indicate that the interference objectives are exceeded for the airborne
scatterometers operating at 13,993.56 – 13,996.44. However, the protection date of 1/1/2000
has passed and alternative systems should be available.

The NASA altimeter data availability requirement of 95 % will not be degraded by the Castle
Rock, CO earth station operations.

No interference to NASA’s Data relay Satellite Systems (TDRSS) space-to-earth operations
from the Castle Rock, CO earth station will occur.

No interference to US Navy RADAR operations from the Castle Rock, CO site earth station
should occur.


ANNEX 1 – Over-the Horizon Loss Calculations
                                                    Pathloss Calculation
     Path data for case # 1       CR CK 10                 GULF OF CA
     Latitude                      39 16 38.0                31 31 25.0
     Longitude                    104 48 23.0               113 45 59.0
     Antenna Center Agl .....    16.01 ft.      4.88 m.      50.99 ft.      15.54 m.
     Site Elevation Amsl .... 6877.01 ft. 2096.01 m.          0.00 ft.       0.00 m.
     Antenna Center Amsl .... 6893.02 ft. 2100.89 m.         50.99 ft.      15.54 m.
     Effective Antenna Ht ...    16.01 ft.      4.88 m.      50.99 ft.      15.54 m.
     Horizon Distance .......    13.97 mi.     22.47 km.     23.10 mi.      37.16 km.
     Horizon Elevation Amsl . 8928.39 ft. 2721.24 m.       3241.37 ft.     987.92 m.
     Ray Crossover Angle .... 190.04 mr.
     Terrain Delta Ht ....... 1712.08 ft.     521.82 m.
     Effective Distance ..... 590.43 mi.      950.00 km.
     Pathlength ............. 736.03 mi. 1184.27 km.
     Azimuth ................ 226.01 deg.                    40.82 deg.
     Frequency ..............    12950 MHz
     K Factor ...............     1.33 (K)
     Radio Climate Phrase ... Continental Temperate Climate
     Type of Path ........... Irregular Terrain
     Free Space Path Loss ...    176.1 dB    Atmospheric Loss ...      24.685 dB
     Diff. Loss .... 3100.3 dB (3276.4 dB) Tropo. Loss ...170.9 dB (347.0 dB)
     Terrain data type ......    1.0 ARC Second
     Losses         L-Fspl          Sigma        Controlling Propagation Mode
     ------         ------          -----        ----------- ----------------
      338.3 dB       162.2 dB         3.7 dB     20.    %     Troposcattering
      332.2 dB       156.1 dB         4.4 dB     1.     %     Troposcattering
      328.8 dB       152.7 dB         5.0 dB     0.1    %     Troposcattering
      326.0 dB       149.8 dB         5.5 dB     0.01 %       Troposcattering
      325.4 dB       149.3 dB         5.6 dB     0.0025%      Troposcattering
     The OH loss calculations considered a terrain profile of 2371 points.
     The list below shows the highest point in each fiftieth of the path length.
                           K=Inf. K= 1.33                             K=Inf. K= 1.33
   Dist. Elev.    Obstr. Clrnce. Clrnce. Dist. Elev.         Obstr. Clrnce.Clrnce.
   (km.) (m.)     (m.)     (m.)    (m.)      (km.) (m.)      (m.)     (m.)    (m.)
 --------------------------------------- --------------------------------------
   0.00 2096.0      4.9      0.0     0.0 593.48 2072.0         0.0 -1016.2-21692.7
  22.47 2721.2      0.0 -659.9 -2199.4 618.49 1859.7           0.0 -847.9-21483.5
  27.36 2821.9      0.0 -769.1 -2635.6 660.56 1749.4           0.0 -811.7-21212.3
  49.36 2798.4      0.0 -784.4 -4088.2 664.07 1715.6           0.0 -784.1-21155.6
  83.15 2979.8      0.0 -1025.3 -6424.3 709.23 1828.0          0.0 -976.0-20844.1
 105.20 3127.7      0.0 -1212.0 -7906.4 733.85 1941.1          0.0 -1132.4-20624.7
 140.04 3959.2      0.0 -2104.9-10728.7 754.47 2219.5          0.0 -1447.1-20569.9
 142.50 3024.7      0.0 -1174.7 -9929.1 768.55 2274.6          0.0 -1527.1-20368.3
 168.54 3202.7      0.0 -1398.6-11494.1 782.65 1867.1          0.0 -1144.4-19680.7
 199.05 3121.7      0.0 -1371.3-12935.8 809.35 1932.8          0.0 -1257.1-19151.4
 216.77 3334.1      0.0 -1615.0-13982.8 852.23 1823.7          0.0 -1223.5-17910.8
 257.20 3114.8      0.0 -1466.8-15528.0 852.73 1750.4          0.0 -1151.0-17822.9
 269.05 3577.3      0.0 -1950.2-16471.1 882.03       710.7     0.0 -163.0-15883.7
 284.36 2621.9      0.0 -1021.7-16112.1 900.23       419.9     0.0     95.8-14983.2
 326.87 2562.7      0.0 -1037.4-17564.6 924.01       371.4     0.0    102.4-14079.1
 332.81 2417.6      0.0 -902.8-17613.7 970.62        604.8     0.0 -213.0-12442.1
 362.03 2012.0      0.0 -548.6-18102.8 994.46        914.4     0.0 -564.6-11696.0
 383.84 1965.6      0.0 -540.6-18658.6 1000.55       973.2     0.0 -634.1-11474.3
 411.63 1970.6      0.0 -594.5-19349.7 1023.40       853.0     0.0 -554.2-10263.0
 434.47 1979.6      0.0 -643.8-19854.6 1060.00       857.1     0.0 -622.7 -8391.0


460.83   1807.6   0.0 -518.2-20178.0 1075.77    704.3    0.0   -497.7   -7380.9
497.16   1777.1   0.0 -551.6-20696.4 1104.28    592.4    0.0   -436.0   -5644.9
508.12   2129.1   0.0 -922.9-21183.4 1133.85    396.4    0.0   -292.0   -3663.6
536.55   2329.3   0.0 -1173.2-21667.6 1147.11   987.9    0.0   -906.9   -3420.8
565.50   2245.9   0.0 -1140.7-21775.6 1162.42   134.3    0.0    -80.3   -1578.2
570.49   2253.1   0.0 -1156.8-21805.9 1184.27     0.0   15.5      0.0       0.0


                                Pathloss Calculation
    Path data for case # 2        CR CK 10                 SAN DIEGO
    Latitude                       39 16 38.0                33 22 29.1
    Longitude                     104 48 23.0               117 35 37.3
    Antenna Center Agl .....     16.01 ft.      4.88 m.      50.99 ft.     15.54 m.
    Site Elevation Amsl .... 6877.01 ft. 2096.01 m.           0.00 ft.      0.00 m.
    Antenna Center Amsl .... 6893.02 ft. 2100.89 m.          50.99 ft.     15.54 m.
    Effective Antenna Ht ...     16.01 ft.      4.88 m.      50.99 ft.     15.54 m.
    Horizon Distance .......      0.28 mi.      0.46 km.     12.50 mi.     20.12 km.
    Horizon Elevation Amsl . 6949.68 ft. 2118.16 m.        2656.82 ft.    809.76 m.
    Ray Crossover Angle .... 232.19 mr.
    Terrain Delta Ht ....... 2462.16 ft.      750.43 m.
    Effective Distance ..... 590.43 mi.       950.00 km.
    Pathlength ............. 821.54 mi. 1321.85 km.
    Azimuth ................ 244.09 deg.                     56.51 deg.
    Frequency ..............     12950 MHz
    K Factor ...............      1.33 (K)
    Radio Climate Phrase ... Continental Temperate Climate
    Type of Path ........... Irregular Terrain
    Free Space Path Loss ...     177.1 dB    Atmospheric Loss ...      27.553 dB
    Diff. Loss .... 3712.9 dB (3890.0 dB) Tropo. Loss ...190.7 dB (367.8 dB)
    Terrain data type ......     1.0 ARC Second
    Losses         L-Fspl           Sigma        Controlling Propagation Mode
    ------         ------           -----        ----------- ----------------
     359.1 dB       182.1 dB          3.7 dB     20.    %     Troposcattering
     353.0 dB       176.0 dB          4.4 dB     1.     %     Troposcattering
     349.6 dB       172.6 dB          5.0 dB     0.1    %     Troposcattering
     346.8 dB       169.7 dB          5.5 dB     0.01 %       Troposcattering
     346.2 dB       169.1 dB          5.6 dB     0.0025%      Troposcattering
    The OH loss calculations considered a terrain profile of 2818 points.
    The list below shows the highest point in each fiftieth of the path length.
                          K=Inf. K= 1.33                             K=Inf. K= 1.33
  Dist. Elev.    Obstr. Clrnce. Clrnce. Dist. Elev.          Obstr. Clrnce.Clrnce.
  (km.) (m.)     (m.)     (m.)     (m.)      (km.) (m.)      (m.)    (m.)    (m.)
--------------------------------------- --------------------------------------
  0.00 2096.0      4.9      0.0      0.0 672.39 1767.0         0.0 -726.9-26479.0
  0.46 2118.2     -0.2    -17.8    -53.3 713.77 2048.3         0.0 -1073.5-26668.7
 21.42 2813.4      0.0 -746.3 -2389.3 716.12 2275.2            0.0 -1304.0-26884.2
 48.81 2816.8      0.0 -792.9 -4457.0 742.03 2100.7            0.0 -1170.5-26542.5
 68.00 2925.6      0.0 -932.0 -5959.6 768.43 1816.1            0.0 -927.5-26005.9
 94.98 2907.8      0.0 -956.8 -7828.6 814.24 1963.1            0.0 -1146.8-25520.6
114.21 2945.8      0.0 -1025.1 -9158.8 836.46 1950.0           0.0 -1168.7-25111.5
144.01 4154.5      0.0 -2280.8-12283.4 871.03 1733.8           0.0 -1007.0-24163.8
173.39 3394.4      0.0 -1567.1-13310.0 892.83 1770.7           0.0 -1078.4-23666.7
211.09 3192.6      0.0 -1424.7-15251.6 925.10 1723.3           0.0 -1081.9-22726.2
221.68 3185.7      0.0 -1434.5-15816.5 932.70 2487.8           0.0 -1858.3-23262.5
263.15 3965.5      0.0 -2279.7-18709.0 968.83 1017.8           0.0 -445.4-20614.4
269.61 3902.7      0.0 -2227.1-18957.0 980.73        557.8     0.0     -4.1-19732.7
295.93 4046.7      0.0 -2412.6-20316.2 1019.32       677.6     0.0 -184.8-18370.2
317.65 3644.1      0.0 -2044.3-20855.3 1056.05       856.1     0.0 -421.3-16974.2
344.03 2894.2      0.0 -1336.1-21173.9 1061.78 1388.1          0.0 -962.2-17246.2
371.36 2353.0      0.0 -838.0-21653.4 1107.67        359.1     0.0     -5.7-13995.9
397.80 2058.1      0.0 -584.8-22261.9 1121.55        983.6     0.0 -652.1-13899.6
425.67 1625.5      0.0 -196.1-22692.2 1160.36 1472.2           0.0 -1201.9-12252.2
468.93 1584.0      0.0 -222.9-23809.0 1178.59 1641.4           0.0 -1399.9-11357.0
500.61 1598.0      0.0 -286.9-24531.2 1191.07        946.1     0.0 -724.3 -9910.2
524.41 1718.8      0.0 -445.2-25106.0 1225.66 3069.9           0.0 -2902.6 -9855.2


553.83   1778.0   0.0 -550.8-25634.4 1249.71    959.4    0.0   -830.1 -6146.8
572.07   2276.0   0.0 -1077.6-26371.9 1293.05   763.9    0.0   -702.9 -2898.8
581.89   2160.7   0.0 -977.8-26369.4 1301.73    809.8    0.0   -762.5 -2306.9
612.80   1888.0   0.0 -753.9-26377.2 1321.85      0.0   15.5      0.0     0.0
635.77   1904.4   0.0 -806.5-26529.0



Document Created: 2003-10-07 10:49:22
Document Modified: 2003-10-07 10:49:22

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