SAR Test Report Part III

FCC ID: WA2-ST4940

RF Exposure Info

Download: PDF
FCCID_4215384

Calibration Laboratory of                           &\'//'l/,>                        Schweizerischerki
Schmid & Partner                                              *                    * Eamemmenes —
  Engineering AG                                                                   5. senvite avieme t tatire
Zrognavastiasse 8, 6004 2urch, Sutterand                                           $ Svies Cattration Service
Actradted by ha SwasRccretaton Serice (GAG)                                        Accreataton No: SCS 0108
‘Te Snss Accredtation Servie is one atte ignatotiesto e EA
HutbtaterAgreement t thecognton oratiraton centtctos
ciew ‘Onetech (Dymstec)                                                   centiew no: D1750V2—1122.Jul18
CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE

Creet                         pirsove—sitr122
cotatonsmcedunts              oa cat—osvio
                              Calbration procedure for dipole validation kits above 700 MHz



 Cattraton ce                 July 20, 2018

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Certicate No: 175021122Jute                           Page 1 ot8


Calibration Laboratory of                                               . Sciweizenischer Kalloterdanst
Schmid & Partner                                                        g Serven suisse tionnage
  Engineering AG                                                           Serviio viero ol araturn
1Zughausatrasse d, 6004 2uich, Suttzetand                               .. Sss Catbraton Serice

Accrdted y be Snis Accustaton Senice (AS)                                Accrestaton : SCS 0108
The Swise Acrectaion Service is on o theaigntores t he EA
MuttteratAgreementtorth recogniton ot clbration certtcates
Glossary:
TSL                      tissue simulating liquid
Conve                    sensitity in TSL / NORM xy,z
NA                       not applicable or not measured
Calibration is Performed According to the Following Standards:
    a) IEEE Std 1528—2013, "IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Peak Spatial—
        Averaged Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Head from Wireless
       Communications Devices: Measurement Techniques®, June 2013
    b) 1EC 62200—1, ‘Measurementprocedure for the assessment of Specific Absorption Rate
        (SAR) from hand—held and body—mounted devices used next to the ear (frequency range of
        300 MHz to 6 GHz)*, July 2016
    c) 1EC 62209—2, *Procedure to determine the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) for wireless
       communication devices used in close proximity to the human body (frequency range of 30
        MHz to 6 GHz)°, March 2010
    d) KDB 865664, "SAR Measurement Requirements for 100 MHz to 6 GHz"

Additional Documentation:
    €) DASY4/5 System Handbook

Methods Applied and Interpretation of Parameters:
   * Measurement Conditions: Further details are available from the Validation Report at the end
     of the certificate. All figures stated in the certificate are valid at the frequency indicated.
    *   Antenna Parameters with TSL: The dipole is mounted with the spacer to position its feed
        point exactly below the center marking of the flat phantom section, with the arms oriented
        parallel t the body axis.
    *   Feed Point Impedance and Return Loss: These parameters are measured with the dipole
        positioned under the liquid filed phantom. The impedance stated is transformed from the
        measurement at the SMA connector to the feed point. The Retum Loss ensures low
        reflected power. No uncertainty required.
    + Electrical Delay: One—way delay between the SMA connector and the antenna feed point.
        No uncertainty required.
    *   SAR measured: SAR measured at the stated antenna input power.
    *   SAR normalized: SAR as measured, normalized to an input power of 1 W at the antenna
        connector.
    +   SAR for nominal TSL parameters: The measured TSL parameters are used to calculate the
        nominal SAR result
 The reported uncertainty of measurementis stated as the standard uncertainty of measurement
  multiplied by the coverage factor k=2, which for a normal distrbution corresponds to a coverage
  probabilty of approximately 95%.




Ceriicate No: Dt7sov2—1122.Jute                      Page zo8


Measurement Conditions
   DASY system configuration, as far as not iven on page 1.
     DASY Version                                              DASY5                              V52.10.1
     Extrapolation                                   Advanced Extrapolation
     Phantom                                          Modular Flat Phantom
     Distance Dipole Center — TSL                              10 mm                             with Spacer
     Zoom Scan Resolution                              dx, dy, dz =5 mm
     Frequency                                         1750 MHz &1 MHz



Head TSL parameters
   The following parameters and calculations were applied.
                                                               Temperature       Permittivity         Conductivity
     Nominal Head TSL parameters                                  22.0 °C           40.1               1.37 mho/m

     Measured Head TSL parameters                              (22.0 £0.2) °C    39.0 +6 %          1.34 mho/m + 6 %
     Head TSL temperature change during test                      <0.5 °C


SAR result with Head TSL

     SAR averaged over 1 cm° (1 g) of Head TSL                  Condition
     SAR measured                                        250 mW input power                     8.98 W/kg
     SAR for nominal Head TSL parameters                     normalized to 1W        36.2 W/kg + 17.0 % (k=2)

     SAR averaged over 10 cm* (10 g) of Head TSL                condition
     SAR measured                                        250 mW input power                 4.74 Wikg
     SAR for nominal Head TSL parameters                     normalized to 1W        19.1 Wikg * 16.5 %(k=2)


Body TSL parameters
   The following parameters and calculations were applied.
                                                               Temperature       Permittivity         Conductivity

      Nominal Body TSL parameters                                 22.0 °C           53.4               1.49 mho/m
      Measured Body TSL parameters                             (22.0 + 0.2) °C   53.7 + 6 %         1.46 mho/m + 6 %
      Body TSL temperature change during test                     <0.5 °C


SAR result with Body TSL

      SAR averaged over 1 cm‘ (1 g) of Body TSL                 Condition
      SAR measured                                       250 mW input power                     8.94 W/kg
      SAR for nominal Body TSL parameters                    normalized to 1W         36.3 W/kg + 17.0 % (k=2)

      SAR averaged over 10 cm* (10 g) of Body TSL                condition

      SAR measured                                       250 mW input power                  4.78 Wikg
      SAR for nominal Body TSL parameters                    normalized to 1W         19.3 W/kg * 16.5 % (k=2)



Certificate No: D1750V2—1122_Jul18                    Page 3 of 8


Appendix (Additional assessments outside the scope of SCS 0108)
Antenna Parameters with Head TSL

      Impedance, transformed to feed point                                           51.8 Q — 0.5 jQ
      Return Loss                                                                       — 34.9 dB



Antenna Parameters with Body TSL

      Impedance, transformed to feed point                                           48.2 Q + 0.5 jQ

      Return Loss                                                                       — 34.3 dB




General Antenna Parameters and Design

      Electrical Delay (one direction)                                                   1.219 ns


After long term use with 100W radiated power, only a slight warming of the dipole nearthe feedpoint can be measured.

The dipole is made of standard semirigid coaxial cable. The center conductor of the feeding line is directly connected to the
second arm of the dipole. The antenna is therefore short—circuited for DC—signals. On some of the dipoles, small end caps
are added to the dipole arms in orderto improve matching when loaded according to the position as explained in the
"Measurement Conditions" paragraph. The SAR data are not affected by this change. The overall dipole length is still
according to the Standard.
No excessive force must be applied to the dipole arms, because they might bend or the soldered connections near the
feedpoint may be damaged.



Additional EUT Data

      Manufactured by                                                                    SPEAG
      Manufactured on                                                              November 12, 2013




Certificate No: D1750V2—1122_Jul18                       Page 4 of 8


DASYS Validation Report for Head TSL

                                                                                    Date: 20.07.2018
Test Laboratory: SPEAG, Zurich, Switzerland

DUT: Dipole 1750 MHz; Type: D1750V2; Serial: D1750V2 — SN:1122
Communication System: UID 0 — CW; Frequeney: 1750 MHz
Mediumparameters used:f= 1750 MHz; a = 1.34 $/m; e = 39; p = 1000 ke/m®
Phantom section: Flat Section
Measurement Standard: DASYS (IEEETEC/ANSI C63.19—2011)
DASY32 Configuration:

   *   Probe: EX3DV4 — SN7349; ConvF(®.5, $.5, 8.5) @ 1750 MHz: Calibrated: 30.12.2017
       Sensor—Surface: 1 4mm (Mechanical Surface Detection)

       Electronics: DAE4 Sn601; Calibrated: 26.10.2017

       Phantom: Flat Phantom 5.0 (front); Type: QD 000 PSO AA; Seri   001
       DASY52 52.10.1(1476); SEMCAD X 14.6.1 1(430)


Dipole Calibration for Head Tissue/Pin=250 mW, d=10mm/Zoom Scan (7x7x7)/Cube 0:
Measurement grid: dx=Smm, dy=3mm,
Reference Value = 106.3 V/m; Power Drift
Peak SAR (extrapolated) = 16.4 W/ke
SARCT g) =8.98 W/ke: SARCIO a) =4.74 We
Maximum value of SAR (measured) = 13.8 Wkg
       «n
       0


       ~£.00




       12.00

       15.00

       ~20.00
                 0 dB = 13.8 Wike= 11.40 dBWAg



CoriicateNo: D17s0v2—1122.Juite               Page S ot8


Impedance Measurement Plot for Head TSL




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Certicate No: t7sov2—1122.Juire              Page 6ot


DASYS Validation Report for Body TSL

                                                                                   Date: 20.07.2018
Test Laboratory: SPEAG, Zurich, Switzerland

DUT: Dipole 1750 MHz; Type: D17S0V2; Serial:      D1750V2 — SN:1122

Communication System: UID 0 — CW; Frequeney: 1750 MHz
Medium parameters used: f= 1750 MHz; a = 1.46 $/m; 6 = 53.7; p = 1000 ke/m‘
Phantom section: Flat Section
Measurement Standard: DASYS (IEEETEC/ANSI C63.19—2011)
DASY52 Configuration:

   +   Probe: EX3DV4 — SN7349; ConvF(®.35, 8.35, 8.35) @ 1750MHz:; Calibrated: 30.12.2017
   *   Sensor—Surface: 1.4mm(Mechanical Surface Detection)
   *   Electronics: DAE4 Sn601; Calibrated: 26.10.2017

   *   Phantom: Flat Phantom 5.0 (back); Type: QD 000 P50 AA: Serial:   1002
   +   DASY52 52.10.1(1476); SEMCAD X 14.6.11(7439)

Dipole Calibration for Body Tissue/Pin=250 mWd=10mm/Zoom Sean (7x7x7)/Cube 0:
Measurement grid:     dx=Smm, dy=Smm, d
Reference Value = 101.7 V/m; Power Drift
Peak SAR (extrapolated) = 15.7 Whkg
SARCT g) =8.94 Wikg: SARCIO g) =4.78 We
Maximum value of SAR (measured) = 13.5 Wkg

       aB
       o




       12.00


       16.00


       —20.00
                  0 dB = 135 Wikg = 11.30dBWAkg




Ceriicate No: D1750v2—1122.Jutte               Page o8


Impedance Measurement Plot for Body TSL




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Corticate No: D170v2—1122.Juite             Page 8 ot 8


Calibration Laboratory of
Schmid
 chmi & Part
           ariner                                    ii
                                                     i                             S Service suiss
                                                                                               wlétalonnage
  Engineering AG                                    iess                           5. sestivssimee t iawe
Zoughousstiasse 3, 6004 zurch, Suiterand             Zew
                                                     "ikins                        . siiss Caltraton Service

Accrudtedby e Sniss Accrdtaton Sevice (GAS)                                        Aceredtation No: SCS 0108
‘Tre Snise Accreditation Srvice i one ofhesignatoriesto he EA
Mutlatral Agreementforthe recognton ofcaltraton coniicatos
ciex      Onetech (Dymstec)                                                 Ceniicu : D1950V3—1156_Ju18
|CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE
Otiect                         D1950V3 — SN:1156

Cattratonprocedur(s)           OA CAL—O5v10
                               Calibration procedure for dipole validation kis above 700 MHz



Catraion ca                    July 24, 2018

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Ceniicare No: D19s0v3—1156.Jute                          Page t ot


Calibration
      r     Laboratory of                                               5. Setwelzerichor Katierconst
Schmid & Partner                                                        g Serven suimsetilonnage
  Engineering AG                                                            Senvito svizersdi ortun
Zoughausstraase 43, 0004 2urchSuitzerand                                5.. swias CattratonSerice

Accrudted ty he Smss Accrestaton Serice (SAG)                            Aeeredtation No: SCS 0108
‘The Swiss Accredtaton Sevice i one ofthe signatesto the EA
Mutlatral Agreerienttorthe recogntion ofcaltraton certicaies
Glossary:
TSL                      tissue simulating liquid
ConvF                    sensitivity in TSL / NORM xy,z
N/A                      not applicable or not measured
Calibration is Performed According to the Following Standards:
    a) IEEE Std 1528—2013, "IEEE Recommended Practicefor Determining the Peak Spatial
       Averaged Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Head from Wireless
       Communications Devices: Measurement Techniques®, June 2018
    b) 1EC 62209—1, *Measurementprocedure for the assessment of Specific Absorption Rate
       (SAR) from hand—held and body—mounted devices used next to the ear (frequency range of
        300 MHz to 6 GHz)*, July 2016
   ©) EC 62209—2, ‘Procedure to determine the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) for wireless
      communication devices used in close proximity to the human body (frequency range of 30
      MHz to 6 GHz)*, March 2010
   d) KDB 865664, "SAR Measurement Requirements for 100 MHz to 6 GHz"

Additional Documentation:
    e) DASY4/5System Handbook

Methods Applied and Interpretation of Parameters:
    *   Measurement Conditions: Further details are available from the Validation Report at the end
        of the certficate. Allfigures stated in the certificate are valid at the frequency incicated.
    *   Antenina Parameters with TSL: The dipole is mounted with the spacer to position its feed
        point exactly below the center marking of the flat phantom section, with the arms oriented
        parallel to the body axis.
    *   Feed Point Impedance and Return Loss: These parameters are measured with the dipole
        positioned under the liquid filed phantom. The impedance stated is transformed from the
        measurement at the SMA connector to the feed point. The Retum Loss ensures low
        reflected power. No uncertainty required.
    * Electrical Delay: One—way delay between the SMA connector and the antenna teed point.
        No uncertainty required.
    *   SAR measured: SAR measured at the stated antenna input power.
    *   SAR normalized: SAR as measured, normalized to an input power of 1 W at the antenna
        connector.
    +   SAR for nominal TSL parameters: The measured TSL parameters are used to calculate the
        nominal SAR result
 The reported uncertainty of measurement is stated as the standard uncertainty of measurement
 multiplied by the coverage factor k=2, which for a normal distribution corresponds to a coverage
 probabilty of approximately 95%.



Ceriicate No: ©19s0v3—1158.Juite                      Page 208


Measurement Conditions
    DASY system configuration, as far as not g iven on page 1.
      DASY Version                                               DASY5                              V52.10.1
      Extrapolation                                   Advanced Extrapolation
      Phantom                                          Modular Flat Phantom

      Distance Dipole Center — TSL                               10 mm                             with Spacer
      Zoom Scan Resolution                               dx, dy, dz =5 mm
      Frequency                                          1950 MHz + 1 MHz



Head TSL parameters
   The following parameters and calculations were applied.
                                                                 Temperature       Permittivity         Conductivity
      Nominal Head TSL parameters                                   22.0 °C           40.0               1.40 mho/m
      Measured Head TSL parameters                               (22.0 £0.2) °C    39.7 +6 %          1.39 mho/m + 6 %
      Head TSL temperature change during test                       <0.5 °C


SAR result with Head TSL

      SAR averaged over 1 cm* (1 g) of Head TSL                   Condition
      SAR measured                                        250 mW input power                      10.3 W/kg
      SAR for nominal Head TSL parameters                    normalized to 1W          41.3 Wikg + 17.0 % (k=2)

      SAR averaged over 10 cm* (10 g) of Head TSL                 condition
      SAR measured                                        250 mW input power                  5.38 W/kg
      SAR for nominal Head TSL parameters                    normalized to 1W          21.6 Wikg + 16.5 % (k=2)


Body TSL parameters
   The following parameters and calculations were applied.
                                                                 Temperature       Permittivity         Conductivity
      Nominal Body TSL parameters                                   22.0 °C           53.3               1.52 mho/m
      Measured Body TSL parameters                               (22.0 + 0.2) °C   54.2 26 %          1.50 mho/m + 6 %

      Body TSL temperature change during test                       <0.5 °C


SAR result with Body TSL

      SAR averaged over 1 cm* (1 g) of Body TSL                   Condition
      SAR measured                                        250 mW input power                      9.78 W/kg
      SAR for nominal Body TSL parameters                    normalized to 1W          39.6 W/kg + 17.0 % (k=2)

      SAR averaged over 10 cm‘ (10 g) of Body TSL                  condition
      SAR measured                                        250 mW input power                  5.16 W/kg
      SAR for nominal Body TSL parameters                    normalized to 1W          20.8 Wikg + 16.5 % (k=2)



Certificate No: D1950V3—1156_Jul18                      Page 3 of 8


Appendix (Additional assessments outside the scope of SCS 0108)
Antenna Parameters with Head TSL

      Impedance, transformed to feed point                                           49.4 Q — 2.1 jQ

      Return Loss                                                                       — 33.3 dB



Antenna Parameters with Body TSL

      Impedance, transformed to feed point                                           44.4 Q — 1.3 jQ

      Return Loss                                                                       — 24.3 dB




General Antenna Parameters and Design

      Electrical Delay (one direction)                                                   1.198 ns


After long term use with 100W radiated power, only a slight warming of the dipole near the feedpoint can be measured.

The dipole is made of standard semirigid coaxial cable. The center conductor of the feeding line is directly connected to the
second arm of the dipole. The antenna is therefore short—circuited for DC—signals. On some of the dipoles, small end caps
are added to the dipole arms in orderto improve matching when loaded according to the position as explained in the
"Measurement Conditions" paragraph. The SAR data are not affected by this change. The overall dipole length is still
according to the Standard.
No excessive force must be applied to the dipole arms, because they might bend or the soldered connections near the
feedpoint may be damaged.


Additional EUT Data

      Manufactured by                                                                    SPEAG
      Manufactured on                                                              September 23, 2009




Certificate No: D1950V3—1156_Jul18                       Page 4 of 8


DASYS Validation Report for Head TSL

                                                                                  Date: 24.07.2018
Test Laboratory: SPEAG, Zurich, Switzerland

DUT: Dipole 1950 MHz; Type: D1950V3; Serial: D1950V3 — SN:1156
Communication System: UID 0 — CW; Frequency: 1950 MHz
Medium parameters used:       1950MH; a = 1.39 $/m; e = 39.7; p = 1000 ke/m®
Phantom section: Flat Section
Measurement Standard: DASYS (IEEETEC/ANSI C63.19—201 1)
DASY52 Configuration:
   *   Probe: EX3DV4 — SN7349; ConvF(8.15, 8.15, 8.15) @ 1950MHz; Calibrated: 30.12.2017

   +   Sensor—Surface: 1.4mm(Mechanical Surface Detection)
       Electronies: DAE4 Sn601; Calibrated: 26.10.2017
       Phantom: Flat Phantom 5.0 (front); Type: QD 000 PSO AA; Serial: 1001

       DASY52 52.10.1(1476); SEMCAD X 14.6.11(7430)

Dipole Calibration for Head Tissue/Pin=250 mW, d=10mm/Zoom Scan (7x7x7)/Cube 0:
Measurement grid: dx=Smm, dy=Smm,        de=Smm
Reference Value = 112.5 V/m; Power Drift      —0.02 dB
Peak SAR (extrapolated) = 18.8 W/kg
SAR(I g) = 10.3 Whkgs SARCIO g) 538 We
Maximum value of SAR (measured)          7 Whe




                                                         1.96 dBWhg




Certicate No: D10s0v3—1158.Jutte                 Page S ot8


Impedance Measurement Plot for Head TSL




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                                                                    1950000 G
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Ceniicate No: D19s0v3—1158.Jutte            Page 6ot 8


DASY5 Validation Report for Body TSL

                                                                                   Date: 24,07.2018
Test Laboratory: SPEAG, Zurich, Switzerland

DUT: Dipole 1950 MH; Type: D1950V3; Serial: D1950V3 — SN:1156
Communication System: UID 0 — CW; Frequency: 1950 MHz
Mediumparameters used: f= 1950 MHz; & = 1.5 S/m; e, = 54.2; p = 1000 ke/m}
Phantomsection: Flat Section
Measurement Standard: DASYS (IEEEAEC/ANSI C63,19—2011)
DASY52 Configuration:
   *   Probe: EX3DV4 — SN7349; ConvF(8.29, 8.29, 8.29) @ 1950 MHz: Calibrated: 30.12.2017

       Sensor—Surface: 1.4mm (Mechanical Surface Detection)
       Electronics: DAE4 Sn601; Calibrated: 26.10.2017
       Phantom: Flat Phantom5.0 (back); Type: QD 000 PSO AA; Serial: 1002

       DASY52 52.10.1(1476); SEMCAD X 14.6.11(7430)


Dipole Calibration for Body Tissue/Pin=250 mWd=10mm/Zcom Scan (7x7x7)/Cube 0:
Measurement grid: dx=5mm, dy=Smm, de=5mm
Reference Value 104.2 V/m; Power Drift =—0.09 dB
Peak SAR (extrapolated) = 17.1 W/ke
SARCI g) =9.78 W/kg: SAR(1O g) = 5.16 We
Maximum value of SAR (measured) = 14.6 Whkg
                          «

                          (aw
                          an
                          [iem


                          \am
                                  0 dB = 14.6 Wikg=    11.64 dBWikg




Ceriicate No: D19sova—1158.Jute                   Page 7 ot8


Impedance Measurement Plot for Body TSL




         tle Uew Chamel Serep Calatin Dace Scale Myier Sptem Wndow tb
                                                                 1950000 GHz
                                                                    62 188 pF    —13124 0
                                                                 1950000 GHz    60 768 mU
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Calibration Laboratory of                                                      g. Senizeiscnar Kaitrintanst
Schmid & Partner                                                               g Servce suise tiomane
  Engineering AG                                                                  Senvilo szzereataaurs
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Accstes t ne Suss Accusaton Sevce ($A8)                                        Aceredtatono: SCS 0108
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ce«       ‘Onétech (Dymstec)                                         Ciifeaiene: OCP—DAK3.5—1140_Novt8

 |CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE
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                              Caltbration of dielectrc parameter probes.

 Catraton se                  November 20; 2018

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Cenate No: 0CP.OAG $—1140.Novte                    Page 1 ot 13


Calibration
      f     Laboratory of                                                    .    Sevvoizenscher Kaiientont
Schmid & Partner                                                             .    Seniceminsecttinonage
  Engineering AG                                                                  Servio sviezeri arsurs
(eogniussvasse 43, 8004 2urch, Sutriand                                      ..   Sviss CatbratenSerice

Actestedby e Suss Accrustton Srvce (BA8)                                      Accrestaion to: SCS 0108
‘he Swias Accrestaton Servie i one ofthesigatores t h EA
MastaneasAgreoment for h ecogntion o cattraton cericaten

References

[1]     1€EE Sid 1820—2013,"EEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Peak Spatia—Averaged
        Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)in the Human Head from Wireless Communications Devices:
        Measurement Techniques®, June 2013
[2]     120C 62200—1, Measurement procedure for the assessment of Speciic Absorption Rate (SAR) from
        hand—held and body—mounted devices used next to the ear (freguency range of 300 Niz to 6 GHz),
        Juy 2016
(3]     12C 62209—2 Ed.1, "Human Exposure to Racio Frequency Fields from Handheld and Body—Mounted
        Wireless Communication Devices — Human models, Instrumentation, and Procedures Part 2:
        Procedure to determine the speciic absorption rate (SAR) for moble wreless communication
        devices used in close proximily tothe human body (requency range of 30 MHz to 6 GHHz)®, March
       2010
4)     A. P. Gregory and R. N. Clarke, "NPL Report MAT 23°, January 2012
       Tables ofthe Complex Permitiity of Dielectric Reference Liquids at Frequencies up to 5 GHz
(5]     DAK Professional Handbook, SPEAG, September 2018
(6]     A. Toropainen et al, Method for accurate measurement of complex permitly of tissue equivalent
        Hiquids*,Electronics Letters 36 (1) 2000 pp32—34
[7)     J. Hiland, "Simple sensor systom for measuring the dielectrc properties of salne solutions*, Meas:
        Sei. Technol. 8 pp901—910 (1997)
(8]     K. Nortemann, J. Hiland and U. Kaatze, "Dielectic Properties of Aqueous NaCSolutions at
        Microwave Frequencies",J. Phys. Chem. A 101 pp6864—0009 (1997)
[8]     R. Buchner, G. T. Hefter and Peter M. May, "Dielectrc Relaxation of Aqueous NC Solutions",J
        Phys. Chem. A 103 (1) (1999)

Description of the dielectric probe
Dielectic probes are used to measure the dielectic parameters of tssue simulating media in a wide
frequency range. The complex permitiviy a,‘= (¢/ee)— (eee) is determined from the S parameters
measured with a vector network analyzer (VNA) with software specifc to the probe type. The
parameters of nterest e.9.in standards [1,2, 3] and for other applications are presented are calculated
as follows:
(Relative) permitiviy c(real part of c‘= (¢/es) — (eTcs) where «o = 8.854 pFim is the permitty in free
space)
Conductiviy 0 = 2 m f¢" oo
Loss Tangent = (th)
The OGP (open ended coaxiais a cut off section of 50 Ohm transmission iine, similar to the system
described in [1, 2, 3, Sused for contact measurement The materiais measured either by touching the
probe to the surface of a sold/gelly or by immersing itinto a liquid media, The electromagnetic felds at the
probe end fringe io the material to be measured, and its parameters are determined from the change of
the S1: parameters. Wih larger diameter of the dielectris, the probe can be used down to lower
frequencies.
The flange surrounding the active area shapes the near feld similarto a sem—infnite geomety and is
inserted fuly into the measured lossy lquid.

Cenfcate No: 0CP.OAKG $—1140.Novte                Page2ot 13


The probe is connected with a phase and amplitude stable cable to a VNA which is then calibrated with
Open, Short and a Liquid with well—known parameters.
All parts in the setup influencing the amplitude and phase of the signal are important and shall remain
stable.

Handling of the item

Before usage, the active probe area has to be cleaned from any material residuals potentially
contaminating the reference standards. The metal and dielectric surface must be protected to keep the
precision of the critical mechanical dimensions. The connector and cable quality are critical; any
movements between calibration and measurement shall be avoided.
The temperature must be stable and must not differ from the material temperature.


Methods Applied and Interpretation of Parameters

The calibration of the dielectric probe system is done in the steps described below for the desired
frequency range and calibration package (SAR/MRI! liquids, Semi—solid/solid material). Because the
standard calibration in step 3 is critical for the results in steps 4 to 8, the sequence 3 to 8 is repeated 3
times. As a result, the result from these 3 sets is represented.
1. Configuration and mechanical / optical status.
2. Measurement resolution is 5 MHz from 10 to 300 MHz, 50 MHz from 300 to 6000 MHz and 250 MHz
    from 6 to 20 GHz.
3. Standard calibration uses Air / Short / Liquid. 1 liter liquid quantity is used to reduce the influence the
    reflections. The liquid type is selected depending on the lowest frequency and probe diameter:
         DAK—1.2, DAK—3.5, Agilent OCP: de—ionized water (approx. 22 °C)
         DAK—12: saline solution with static conductivity 1 S/m (approx. 22 °C)
         NPL OCP: pure ethanol (approx. 22 °C)
4. The cable used in the setup stays in a fixed position, i.e. the probe is fixed and measuring from the
    top in an angle of typ. 20° from the vertical axis. For DAK and Agilent probes, the refresh function
    (air standard) is used previous to the individual measurements in order to compensate for possible
    deviations from cable movements. After insertion of the probe into a liquid, the possible air bubbles
    are removed from the active surface.
5.. Measurement of multiple shorts if not already available from the calibration in the previous step
    (NPL). Evaluation of the deviation from the previous calibration short with graphical representation of
    the complex quantities and magnitude over the frequency range. Probe specific short is used. This
    assessment shows ability to define a short circuit at the end of the probe for the VNA calibration in
    the setup which is essential at high frequencies and depends on the probe surface quality.
6. Measurement of validation liquids in a quantity of 1 liter at well defined temperature. Evaluation of
    the deviations from the target. The targets base on traceable data from reference sources. The
    deviation of the measurementis graphically presented for permittivity and conductivity (for lossy
    liquids) or loss tangent(for low losses at low frequencies).
7. Measurement of lossy liquids in a quantity of 1 liter at well defined temperature. Head tissue
    simulating liquid or saline solution with 0.5 S/m static conductivity are representative. The target data
    base on traceable data from reference sources or from multiple measurements with precision
    reference probes or different evaluations such as transmission line or slotted line methods.
    Evaluation of the deviation from the target and graphical representation for permittivity and
    conductivity over the frequency range
8. Semi—solid / solid material calibration:
    Measurements of an elastic lossy broadband semi—solid gel with parameters close to the head tissue
    target. Measurements of a planar very low loss solid microwave—substrate. The average of 4
    measurements of the same sample at different location is shown as a single result. The deviation of
    the permittivity and conductivity from the reference data is evaluated.
    Measurements of a planar very low loss solid microwave—substrate. The average of 4 measurements
    of the same sample at different location is shown as a single result. The relative deviation of the
    permittivity and the absolute deviation of the loss tangent is evaluated.
    The targets base on multiple measurements (on the same material batch at identical temperature)
    on convex and planar surfaces with precision reference OCP.



Certificate No: OCP—DAK3.5—1140_Nov18             Page 3 of 13


    The measurement on semi—solid / solid materials is sensitive to the quality and planarity of the probe
    contact area, such as air gaps due to imperfect probes (resulting lower permittivity values).
    Table for the probe uncertainty: The uncertainty of the probe depending on probe type, size, material
    parameter range and frequency is given in a table. It represents the best measurement capability of
    the specific probe but does not include the material (deviation from the target values).
10. Appendix with detailed results of all measurements with the uncertainties for the specific
    measurement. In addition to the probe uncertainty (see above), it includes the uncertainty of the
    reference material used for the measurement. A set of results from independent calibrations
    represents the capability of the setup and the lossy materials used, including the precision of the
    measured material and the influence of temperature deviations. Temperature and operator influence
    was minimized and gives a good indication of the achievable repeatability of a measurement.
11. Summary assessment of the measured deviations and detailed comments if not typical for the probe
    type.

Dielectric probe identification and configuration data
Item description
    Probe type                  OCP Open—ended coaxial probe
    Probe name                  SPEAG Dielectric Assessment Kit DAK—3.5
    Type No                     SM DAK 040 CA
    Serial No                   1140
    Description                 Open—ended coaxial probe with flange
                                Flange diameter: 19.0 mm
                                Dielectric diameter: 3.5 mm
                                Material: stainless steel
    Connector 1                 PC 3.5 pos.
    Software version            DAK Measurement Solver 2.4.1.144
                                Calibration Type: Air / short / water (set to measured water temp.)
                                Probe type: "DAK3.5" (software setting)
    Further settings            VNA bandwidth setting: 50 Hz

SCS 0108 Accessories used for customer probe calibration
   Cable                   Huber & Suhner Sucoflex 404, SN: 4361, length 1 m,
                           PC3.5 neg. — PC3.5 neg.
   Short                   DAK—3.5 shorting block, type SM DAK 200 BA
                           Contact area covered with cleaned Cu stripe

Additional items used during measurements
    Adapter 1                   PC3.5 pos. — PC1.85 (VNA side)
    Adapter 2                   PC3.5 pos. — PC3.5 neg. (probe side)

Notes

    Before the calibration, the connectors of the probe and cable were inspected and cleaned.
    Probe visual inspection: according to requirements
    Short inspection: according to the requirements




Certificate No: OCP—DAK3.5—1140_Nov18             Page 4 of 13


Probe Uncertainty
The following tables provide material and frequency specific uncertainties (k=2) for the dielectric probe. The
values in the tables represent the measurement capability for the probe when measuring a material in the
indicated parameter range. They include all uncertainties of
       e probe system
            possible systematic errors due to the design
       o




           calibration
       e




           temperature differences during the calibration and measurements, as described,
       e




           VNA noise
Apart from the material used for the calibration (de—ionized water), material uncertainties of the reference
materials used during the measurement in Appendix A are not included in these tables.

DAK—3.5
Permittivity range                      Frequency range          (sigma / LT range)     Une. (k=2)
                         1—15           10 MHz — 20 MHz
                                        20 MHz — 200 MHz                                    ———
                                        200 MHz — 3 GHz          LT <0.41                  2.0%
                                        3 GHz — 6 GHz            LT <0.1                   2.0%
                                        6 GHz — 20 GHz           LT <0.1                   2.1%
                         10 — 40        10 MHz — 20 MHz
                                        20 MHz — 200 MHz                                    ———
                                        200 MHz — 3 GHz          sigma : 1 — 10 S/m        1.8%
                                        3 GHz — 6 GHz            sigma : 1 — 10 S/m        2.3%
                                        6 GHz — 20 GHz           sigma > 10 S/m            3.4%
                         35— 100        10 MHz — 20 MHz
                                        20 MHz — 200 MHz
                                        200 MHz — 3 GHz          sigma : 1 — 10 S/m        1.7%
                                        3 GHz — 6 GHz            sigma : 1 — 10 S/m        1.9%
                                        6 GHz — 20 GHz           sigma > 10 S/m            2.4%

Conductivity range (S/m)                Frequency range          (epsilon / LT range)   Unc. (k=2)
                         1—10           10 MHz — 20 MHz
                                        20 MHz — 200 MHz                                    ———
                                        200 MHz — 3 GHz          eps : 35 — 100            2.1%
                                        3 GHz — 6 GHz            eps : 35 — 100            3.0%
                                        6 GHz — 20 GHz           eps : 10 — 40             3.0%

Loss tangent range                      Frequency range          (epsilon / LT range)   Une. (k=2)
                         <0.1           10 MHz — 20 MHz                                     ———
                                        20 MHz — 200 MHz
                                        200 MHz — 3 GHz          eps : 1—15                0.03
                                        3 GHz — 6 GHz            eps : 1 — 15              0.03
                                        6 GHz — 20 GHz           eps : 1 — 15              0.03




Certificate No: OCP—DAK3.5—1140_Nov18             Page 5 of 13


Calibration Results
Uncertainty limits (k=2) for the material measurements in the figures of Appendix A are represented with
red dashed lines. These uncertainties contain — in addition to probe uncertainty — the uncertainty of the
material target parameter determination.
The measurements show the results obtained from independent calibrations for the same material. The
differences between the individual measurement curves give therefore an indication for the obtainable
repeatability and shall lie within the uncertainties stated in the tables.

Materials for DAK—3.5 calibration:
Appendix A with curves for Methanol, HBBL, and 0.05 mol/L. NaCl solution (200 MHz — 6 GHz, optional 20
GHz), HS gel and low loss solid substrate are optional.




Certificate No: OCP—DAK3.5—1140_Nov18           Page 6 of 13


Appendix A:            Detailed Results (additional assessments outside the scope of SCS0108)
A1      Probe appearance and calibration sequence

A.1.1   Appearance

The OCP appearance is fully according to the expectations:
= the flange surface is intact


A.1.2 Calibration sequence

The following sequence was repeated 3 times in the low frequency range from 200 — 300 MHz in 5 MHz
steps and in the high frequency range from 300 to 6000 MHz in 50 MHz steps, and from 6 GHz to 20 GHz
in 250 MHz steps.

=    Air
«_   Short      1 short, then immediate verification with a second short (with eventual repetition)
=    Water      De—ionized water, temperature measured and set in the software (for DAK—12 0.1 mol/L
                saline solution, temperature measured and set in the software)
«_   Methanol Pure methanol, temperature measured and set in the software
«_   Liquids    Measurement of further liquids (e.g. Head tissue simulating liquid and 0.05 mol/l saline)
*    Cleaning   Probe washed with water and isopropanol at the end of the sequence.
«_   Shorts    4 additional separate short measurements to determine the deviation from the original
*    Refresh   Refresh with Air
=    Solid     4 separate solid low loss planar substrate measurements to determine one average
               (optional)
*    Semisolid 4 separate head gel measurements on fresh intact surface to determine one average
               (optional)
=    Cleaning Probe washed with water and isopropanol at the end of the sequence

Evaluation of the additional shorts from the calibrated (ideal) short point at the left edge of the Smith Chart,
represented as magnitude over the frequency range (fig. 2.1.x) and in polar representation (fig. 2.2.%).

Evaluation of the Liquid measurements and representation of the permittivity and conductivity deviation
from their reference data at the measurement temperature. The results of each of the 3 calibrations is
shown in the appendix for each material (fig. 3ff) in black, red, blue. The red dashed line shows the
uncertainty of the reference material parameter determination.

Evaluation of the Semisolid measurements (optional) by representing the 3 average deviations (each
resulting from the 4 separate measurements per set), equivalent to the liquid measurement.
Representation of the permittivity and conductivity deviation from their reference data at the nominal
temperature.

Evaluation of the Solid measurements (optional) by representing the 3 average deviations (each resulting
from the 4 separate measurements per set), equivalent to the liquid measurement. Representation of the
permittivity deviation from their reference data and the loss tangent at the nominal temperature.




Certificate No: OCP—DAK3.5—1140_Nov18             Page 7 of 13


A2—    Short residual magnitudes
Affer each ofthe 3 caltrations with a single short (as per the DAK software), 4 addiional separate, short
measurements were performed aftethe liquid measurements and evaluated from the 11 data. The
residuals in the graphs represent the deviation from the ideal short pointon the polar representation on the
VNA screen.




Fig. 210      Magnitude ofthe residual ofthe shorts, 200 MHz —— 20 GHiz, ater calioation a)




               pl—Ipledelalcladalnhal
               1
Fig. 2 19     Magnitude of the residual of the shorts, 200 MHz —— 20 GHiz, ater caltoration b)




               pr|ocpec———<———<———


Fig. 2.1©      Magnitude of the residual of the shorts, 200 MHz—— 20 GHz, ater calloration c)

Certfcate No: OCP.DaK3 1140Novt                 Page e of 10


Fig. 2.20—c   Complex representation of the residuals ofthe shorts, 200 MHiz 20 GHz,
              after caibrations a)—b) in the top and c)i the bottom

All shorts have good qualty. Some minor deviations might be visible from contact quality (eft — ight)




Certca No: 0CP.OA@5—1140.Norte                  Page aot 19


A3 Methano!
Methanol (99.9% pure) was measured at a temperature of 22 +/ 2 °C. The liquid temperature was
stabilized within 0.05 °C of the desied temperature. Deviations are presented relative tothe nominal
material parameters atthis temperature, calculated from NPL data for this temperature. For the
measurements the Noise Fiter was activated in the software

                                              Pemasuayseruton




                   am |
                   ans!
                                                   Frosens on
Fi.3.1        Methanol permitiviy deviaton from target, 200 Hz — 10 GHz


                                              Contvctay cevatn




                                                   Ensoi
Fig. 32       Methanol conductivity deviation from target, 200 Hz — 10 GHz
Note: Conductity erfor can be high at low frequencies due to the low absolute conductvity values.



Certcate No: 0CP.OAG 5—1140.Novte              Page 10of 13


AA        Head Tissue
Broadband head simulating lquid was measured at a temperature of 22 +/ 2 °C. The liquid temperature
was stabilzed within 0.05 °C of he desied temperature. Deviations are presented relative to the reference
data for this materia. Those parameters have been evaluated from multile measurements on the used
bath with precision reference OCP and further methods. For the measurements the Noise Fiter was
activated in the software.

                                                  Pemitayserutcn
                                   w
                                   «on |
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Fig. 41         HBBL permitity deviation from target, 200 Mz — 20 GHHz

                                                  Contvetiy sevaten
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                beratortonunetts
                                   5




                                   am
                                   ars
                                                      Franey ons
Fig. 42         HBBL conductiity deviation from target, 200 MHz — 20 GHz




Certicate No: 0CP.OAa—1140.Novtd                  Page 11 o 12


AS—       0.05 moll. NaCisolution
0.05 molL. NaC/ water solution has a static conductviy of 0.5 S/m, simiarto MRI HCL (Kigh Conductviy
Liquic). t was measured ata temperature of 22 +/2 °G. The lquid temperature was stabiized within 0.05
°C of the desired temperature. Devitions are presented relative to the reference data forths material
These parameters have been derived from the theoretical model according to [7], matched to the
measurements from reference probes and other sources
A quantly of 1 lter was used for the measurement. For the measurements the Noise Fiter was actvated in
the sottware.

                                                remasnaysevnton




                                                  ce               uw       n     s


                                     am
                                     ans
                                                    Prsaney ons
Fig. 51         0.05 mo¥L. solution permitiviy devition from target, 200 MHz — 20 GHz:

                                                Contectryserutcn
                                    3 605
                bevitontontunett)
                                     5




                                     ans|
                                            |
                                                    Frosensy on
Fig. 52         0.05 mo¥L. soltion conductiviy deviation from target, 200 MHz — 20 GHz:


Ceriteate No: OcP.oaa s—1140.Novte              Page 120f 13


Appendix B:                  Nominal parameters of reference materials used for calibration (additional
assessments outside the scope of SCS0108)
                                   remiityofretrence natetas
               w
               m
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Fig.B.1             Permittvity of reference materials

               w                               Eontuatyotrtemncemteras

               #                                                                       _1 —nettio
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                                                  hqureston
Fig. B2             Conductiviy of reference materials

               i0                              ton Tarsrtotreurncemateras

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                                                                                                 —treo
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Fig. B3             Loss tangent ofreference materials


Cerifate No: OCP.OaKa —t140.Novte                       Page 13of 13


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Document Created: 2019-03-27 22:31:59
Document Modified: 2019-03-27 22:31:59

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