Users Manual

FCC ID: U3O-G2M5477

Users Manual

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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet Document Version 0.14a G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008

Disclaimer About this Data Sheet While the information provided in this document is This document is intended for: believed to be accurate, it is under development and G2 z Icon developers planning to use a host processor Microsystems reserves the right to make changes without to communicate with the G2M5477 Icon software further notice to the product described herein to improve over a serial interface. reliability, function, or design, and makes no guarantee or warranty concerning the accuracy of said information, nor z G2M5477 developers planning to develop custom shall it be responsible for any loss or damage of whatever applications for the module. nature resulting from the use of, or reliance upon, such This document provides preliminary information on the information. G2 Microsystems makes no warranties of any G2M5477 Module from G2 Microsystems. Separate kind, whether express, implied or arising by custom or documents should be read in conjunction with this data course of trade or performance, and specifically disclaims sheet. the implied warranties of title, non infringement, merchant- Icon developers should read the Icon Programmer's ability, or of fitness for a particular purpose. Reference Manual [1] and the Icon API Reference, [2]. No part of this document may be copied, reproduced, G2M5477 developers should read the G2C547 stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or Programmer's Reference Manual [3], and G2C547 Appli- by any means, electronic, mechanical, photographic, or cation Programming Interface Reference [4] documents. otherwise, or used as the basis for manufacture or sale of See Chapter 13, References, for details of reference any items without the prior written consent of G2 Micro- documents. systems. Organization Trademarks This data sheet is organized into the following chapters: G2 Microsystems and the G2 logo are trademarks of G2 z Chapter 1, General Description – overview Microsystems. Wi-Fi, WMM and Wi-Fi Alliance are regis- tered trademarks of the Wi-Fi Alliance. G2 Microsystems z Chapter 2, Features – features and benefits is a member of the Wi-Fi alliance. Other trademarks in this z Chapter 3, Block Diagram document belong to their respective companies. system-level description Copyright © 2008 G2 Microsystems, Inc. z Chapter 4, Functional Description All rights reserved. z Chapter 5, Interface, Connections and Mechanical Document Number: DS-0008 z Chapter 6, Electrical Specifications – absolute Icon Version: 0.1.0 maximum ratings, operating conditions, power con- Release Date: February 2009. sumption, and package thermal data z Chapter 7, RF Performance z Chapter 8, Firmware Features z Chapter 9, Application Information z Chapter 10, Qualification z Chapter 11, Design Guidelines Contacting us z Chapter 12, Development Kit Via email: info@g2microsystems.com z Chapter 13, References Via the web: www.g2microsystems.com z Chapter 15, Revision History and Glossary document history, and acronyms, abbreviations, and units of measure used in this data sheet G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 2 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Contents 5.4 6 Physical Dimensions ......................................... 17 Electrical Specifications .....................18 1 General Description ............................. 4 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings .............................. 18 2 Features ................................................ 5 6.2 Recommended Operating Conditions ............... 18 6.3 Package Thermal Specifications ....................... 18 2.1 Benefits ................................................................5 6.4 Digital Pin Parameters ...................................... 19 3 Block Diagram ...................................... 6 6.5 Control Signal Parameters ................................ 19 3.1 Power ..................................................................7 6.6 Power Consumption .......................................... 19 3.2 System Power States ..........................................7 6.6.1 Asleep ............................................................................... 19 6.6.2 Awake ............................................................................... 20 3.2.1 Asleep (low-power) ............................................................. 7 6.6.3 Wakeup Timing and Energy Considerations ..................... 20 3.2.2 Awake ................................................................................. 7 3.2.3 Dozing ................................................................................. 7 6.7 Sensor Interface ................................................ 20 3.2.4 Waking Up ........................................................................... 7 6.8 External Power Supplies ................................... 20 3.2.5 Force Awake ....................................................................... 7 3.3 Module Resets .....................................................7 7 RF Performance ..................................21 3.3.1 Brownout Detection ............................................................. 8 7.1 2.4 GHz Radio ................................................... 21 3.3.2 EMC Resilience (IEC 61000-4-2) ........................................ 8 7.1.1 2.4 GHz Synthesizer .......................................................... 21 7.1.2 Wi-Fi Receiver ................................................................... 21 4 Functional Description ........................ 9 7.1.3 Wi-Fi Transmitter ............................................................... 21 4.1 PMU and NVM .....................................................9 8 Firmware Features ..............................22 4.2 The CPU ..............................................................9 4.2.1 General Purpose I/O ........................................................... 9 9 Application Information ......................23 4.3 Wi-Fi Network Interface .......................................9 4.3.1 Wi-Fi MAC/PHY ................................................................ 10 10 Qualification ........................................24 4.3.2 Cryptographic Accelerator ................................................. 10 11 Design Guidelines ...............................25 4.3.3 2.4 GHz Radio ................................................................... 10 4.4 Sensor Interface ................................................10 12 Development Kit ..................................26 4.5 Magnetic Receiver .............................................10 13 References ...........................................27 4.6 RFID (EPC) Transceiver ....................................10 4.7 Serial Interfaces .................................................11 13.1 Icon Developers ................................................ 27 4.7.1 User UART ........................................................................ 11 13.2 G2M5477 Developers ....................................... 27 4.7.2 DMA UART ....................................................................... 11 13.3 MDK Users ........................................................ 27 4.7.3 SPI Master ........................................................................ 11 13.4 Standards and Excellence ................................ 27 4.7.4 SDIO Client ....................................................................... 11 4.8 Power Supplies ..................................................11 14 Compliance ..........................................29 4.8.1 3.3V Voltage Regulation ................................................... 11 14.1 FCC Compliance ............................................... 29 4.8.2 Use with Supercapacitors ................................................. 12 14.1.1 Troubleshooting ................................................................ 29 5 Interface, Connections and Mechanical 14.1.2 Conditions ......................................................................... 29 14.1.3 Markings ............................................................................ 29 13 14.1.4 FCC Warning .................................................................... 29 5.1 Pin Types ...........................................................13 15 Revision History and Glossary ..........30 5.2 G2M5477 Module Pins ......................................13 5.3 Pin Grouping ......................................................15 G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 3 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

General Description 1 General Description The G2M5477 is a complete Wi-Fi and networking At the core of the module is the G2C547 SoC, which solution incorporating an RF power amplifier and antenna, includes a SPARC V8 processor, and on-board ROM a 32-bit CPU, operating system, TCP/IP network stack, containing the eCos operating system, LWIP TCP/IP crypto accelerator, power management subsystem, real- protocol suite, security software and hardware drivers. time clock and versatile sensor interface. The module The module includes 8Mbits of flash memory. On reset, enables designers to rapidly embed Wi-Fi and networking the G2C547 loads an application from flash memory into functionality into virtually any device. It is compatible with on-board RAM and executes the program. G2M5477 standard pick-and-place equipment. developers are provided with at least 64Kbytes of RAM for Ultra-low power usage and flexible power management application code and supporting data structures. maximize lifetime in battery-operated devices. A wide The host to module UART interface runs at 115200 bps by operating temperature range allows use in indoor and default. Ten GPIO ports provide general purpose digital outdoor environments. input and output. The GPIO ports can be driven by the G2M5477 developers have access to feature-rich analog CPU or mapped for other purposes. Eight sensor pins and digital interfaces that allow for straightforward provide analog input and output, allowing the connection connection of environmental sensors and external control. of external sensors and outputs from internal sources The G2M5477 is suitable for applications in areas such as: such as the auxiliary DAC. z Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS) The module provides an internal Wi-Fi antenna and provides a U.FL connection for an external antenna. z Wireless Audio When in low-power sleep mode the module minimizes z Industrial and Home Automation battery usage, but is still able to respond to certain events, z Health and Fitness Monitoring including internal timers and events on the sensor and RFID interfaces. Applications that make efficient use of z Telemetry the sleep state can extend battery life to multiple years. z Security When awake, the module can run multi-threaded eCos As the module is capable of independently maintaining a applications and exchange data via the Wi-Fi interface. low-power wireless network connection, the G2M5477 is The G2M5477 can interface to an inexpensive 8- or 16-bit suitable for Wi-Fi enabled remote controls, headphones, microprocessor, reducing the system cost of applications portable Internet radios, toys and other battery-operated with moderate processing requirements. devices. Even in mains-powered devices, the G2M5477 The G2M5477 is ideal for the vast range of applications provides cost and time-to-market benefits as a self- that require long battery life, moderate processing power, contained Internet-enabling solution. It can communicate moderate data throughput and occasional Wi-Fi connec- data over any existing Wi-Fi infrastructure using industry tivity. standard protocols. The G2M5477 has an operating temperature range from -30°C to +85°C. The G2M5477 is certifiable for FCC modular approval for use in the Unites States, and CE approval for use in The G2M5477 comes pre-programmed with Icon, a full- Europe and other countries (certification expected by featured application that provides a host microcontroller February 2009). with access to Wi-Fi and networking functionality via a serial communication interface. G2 provides the complete The G2M5477 module has been designed to provide source for a host driver. With a few simple API calls to the designers with a simple Wi-Fi solution: ease of integration driver, a host microcontroller can use the module to and programming, vastly reduced development time, connect to a Wi-Fi network and communicate data via minimum system cost, long battery life and maximum standard internet protocols. value in a range of applications. Alternatively, G2M5477 developers can build applications using the G2C547 API, which provides lower level access to the RFID and sensor capabilities of the module. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 4 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Features 2 Features Wi-Fi • Auxiliary 8-bit DAC • Low-power interface for monitoring push-buttons, accelerom- • Complete 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11b/g Wi-Fi transceiver eters, security seals and motion sensors • 802.11i security suite with WEP-40, WEP-104, WPAv1-PSK, WPA2-PSK, and WPA transitional modes Power Usage and Management • High throughput - 4 Mbit/s sustained TCP/IP with WPA2 • Wi-Fi certifiable with support for WPA2 Enterprise, WMM QoS • Ultra-low-power sleep state, in which a range of wake reasons and WMM Power Save can be detected • Keep alive doze state with instant transition to wake state • On-board power regulators operate from alkaline, lithium manganese, lithium iron disulphide and other battery types • Transitions from asleep to CPU-active in 1.7ms; CPU active to network connection in less than 35ms (typ) • Consumes 4uA current when asleep, 90mW power with Wi-Fi enabled CPU • User-programmable 32-bit SPARC V8 clocked at 44 MHz Physical • On-board ROM contains eCos operating system, LWIP • Operates from -30°C to +85°C TCP/IP suite, security software and drivers • Available in trays suitable for standard pick-and-place machines Interfaces • Physical dimensions: 20mm x 37mm x 3.7 mm • Up to 10 general-purpose I/Os (GPIOs) • SPI master, SDIO client (with SD-SPI slave mode), and UART Software interfaces • Includes Icon software providing a serial-API UART interface to a wide range of functions, including secure Wi-Fi authenti- EMC Resilient cation and network operations such as DHCP, DNS, UDP and TCP/IP. • IEC-61000-4-2: unattended recovery from EMC shocks in hostile electromagnetic environments 2.1 Benefits RFID (EPC) and RTLS • Multi-year battery life • EPCglobal Class 1 Generation-2 transceiver, with both read and write capability • Industry-leading Wi-Fi power consumption • ISO 24730-2 compliant 2.4GHz DSSS transmitter and FSK • Design is complete, avoiding RF design and layout issues magnetic receiver • Ships pre-calibrated and pre-tested, avoiding expensive NRE for calibration and production test procedures Protocols • Uses existing Wi-Fi and EPC RFID infrastructure for low TCO • Hosted architecture - For G2M5477 developers, a full network • Supports Cisco CCX-tag protocols stack on-board enables development of a low system-cost • Supports Internet protocols including UDP, TCP and HTTP via wireless internet product the included LWIP stack • Supports a client architecture with an external 8- or 16-bit host microcontroller for shortest development time and lowest Sensor Interface system cost • Pre-loaded with Icon software offering simple Wi-Fi connec- • 14-bit ADC offering 35us conversion time with 0.01% linearity tivity for analog transducers such as temperature and humidity sensors G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 5 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Block Diagram 3 Block Diagram Figure 3-1: G2M5477 Architecture G2M5477 Optional external antenna On-board through U.FL connector antenna 2.4GHz Tx PA 2.4GHz Rx (802.11) (802.11) G2C547 AO Domain 1.3V Domain 3.3V Domain SPI- ADC master PMU interface 2.4 GHz Timers CPU 2.4 GHz Radio PA Flash 2KB NVM memory Sensors: optional external RAM ISO 24730-2 GPIO components for GPIO inc motion detection, Sensor User temperature Interface UART measurement, SDIO I/O magnetic receiver, ROM 802.11b/g etc. MAC/PHY DMA_ UART_TX EPC/RFID Crypto SPI Sensor accelerator Mag Rx DMA_ power UART_RX 3.3V Power Crystal Oscillator 40 MHz Oscillator 1.3V Power Supply Supply 1V3 Buck 3V3 Boost Regulator Regulator 32.768 kHz Xtal 40 MHz Xtal Battery 3V3 Boost Enable The core of the G2M5477 module is the G2C547 chip, 3. The 3.3V domain is powered as required, from a boost designed with three separate power domains to provide regulator or directly from the battery, and supplies the lower power consumption and flexible power I/O pins, supply outputs and the 2.4GHz power management. A single battery, via on-board voltage amplifier. regulation, supplies power to the three parts of the chip as When only the AO is powered, the module is asleep. shown in Figure 3-1: When the 1.3V domain is also powered, the module is 1. The Always On (“AO”) domain is continuously awake. The 3.3V domain is enabled only when the module powered, and provides a small number of essential is awake. functions which are always available. For more details of the chip architecture, see the G2C547 2. The 1.3V domain is powered as required from a buck Datasheet, [5]. regulator, and provides the core functionality of the G2M5477. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 6 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Block Diagram 3.1 Power from Flash memory. At this point all functionality of the module is available, in addition to that available when The G2M5477 can be powered by an external regulator or asleep. The module can: a range of batteries. The module includes a 3.3V Boost z Load and execute programs from flash memory Regulator, for use with batteries that supply a voltage lower than 3.0V. z Use the Wi-Fi radio z Read and write flash memory 3.2 System Power States z Read and write NVM z Encrypt and decrypt data The G2M5477 operates in one of two main power states: asleep, in which the module has limited functionality z Go to sleep (enough to detect wake events) but very low battery drain, z Transmit ISO 24730-2 data (DSSS and FSK/OOK) and awake, in which all of the functionality of the module is available (in particular the operating system, eCos, is z Take measurements using the sensor interface running) and battery drain is higher. Additionally, while z Use the GPIO, SPI, SDIO, and UART interfaces awake the CPU can put itself into a doze state, where the z Configure PMU: RFID, mag receiver, sensors, etc. 1.3V domain stays up, but the CPU clock is suspended (until a wake event happens). 3.2.3 Dozing 3.2.1 Asleep (low-power) When awake, the module may doze - in which the 1.3V domain remains powered but the CPU is not clocked. The When asleep, only the AO domain is powered, and the module uses less power in this state than when awake, PMU controls operation. This is the low-power state of the and can respond very quickly to interrupt sources (the G2M5477, in which it draws only microwatts of power. The module wakes from doze in 45ns, compared to milli- CPU and all other components of the 1.3V domain are seconds to wake from sleep). All memory and register unavailable (and do not maintain their internal state). contents are preserved while the module is dozing. Within the AO domain, the RFID and Magnetic receivers can be enabled as required, at the expense of increased Section 6.6, Power Consumption shows the power used power consumption. by the module in each of these states. The functions available when asleep are simple - mostly detecting reasons to wake the CPU: 3.2.4 Waking Up z decrement timers and detect expiry A wake event received when the module is asleep wakes z detect state change of the switch sensors the module. When a wake event occurs, the CPU boots the eCos operating system from ROM, loads an appli- z monitor the sampled comparator and detect when cation from flash memory and executes it. external parameters pass preset thresholds z detect motion via the motion sensor 3.2.5 Force Awake z receive and act on magnetic receiver data For debugging and development, the G2M5477 may be z receive and act on RFID reader commands ‘forced awake’ by asserting the FORCE_AWAKE pin for at least 245us. This generates a non-maskable wake-event. z respond to assertion of the FORCE_AWAKE pin While the FORCE_AWAKE pin remains asserted the z respond to battery brownout (low voltage) module is prevented from sleeping or dozing. z respond to IEC-61000-4-2 EMC events 3.3 Module Resets 3.2.2 Awake The G2M5477 is reset by any of the following events: When awake, the 1.3V domain is powered (as well as the • An internal power-on reset, generated automatically when AO domain), and the 40 MHz oscillator runs. On waking, power is supplied. This is intended for initializing the module the module boots the eCos operating system from ROM, when a new battery is connected; after which the CPU loads and executes a user application • An external power-on reset, generated by pulling the RESET_L pin low; G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 7 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Block Diagram • A software power-on reset, generated from software; or When the G2M5477 wakes from a brownout-induced • A reset triggered by a critical event, which can be: shutdown, the cause of the shutdown is indicated to the — a brownout, generated if the supply voltage drops below the CPU. The application can then select the appropriate minimum operating voltage; or response. — an IEC-61000 EMC consistency failure. 3.3.2 EMC Resilience (IEC 61000-4-2) 3.3.1 Brownout Detection The G2M5477 protects a number of critical internal config- The G2M5477 includes a brownout detector to hold the uration registers with logic to detect corruption from an module in reset if the battery voltage falls below the EMC event. If such an internal inconsistency is detected, minimum operating voltage. a non-maskable critical event resets the module. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 8 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Functional Description 4 Functional Description The subsystems of the G2M5477 are: Developers writing applications for the module are • The Power Management Unit (PMU), which controls the provided with the ability to debug applications, program module when asleep and aggregates all interrupts and wake the flash, and control the module with the DMA UART. The reasons to the CPU whether awake or asleep. The NVM DMA UART connects to the G2C547 Debug UART. See provides always-on memory that is accessible by both the the G2C547 PRM, [3], for further details on the G2C547 PMU and (when awake) the CPU. Debug UART. • The CPU, which executes the operating system and user applications, from which the rest of the module is configured 4.2.1 General Purpose I/O and controlled, including the PMU. • The Wi-Fi interface, including the ISO 24730-2 transmitter The module has ten GPIO pins, each of which can be • The cryptographic accelerator driven by the CPU, or from a secondary function such as the SDIO client or User UART. Pins GPIO_10 and • The ISO 24730-2 magnetic receiver GPIO_11 are used for the User UART, as indicated in • The RFID transceiver Table 5-2. Up to four GPIO pins can be configured as • The sensor interface edge or level-sensitive interrupt sources. These are active • The digital interfaces - SPI, SDIO client, User and DMA UART only when the CPU is awake. • Oscillators and power supplies As of release 0.0.1 of the Icon software, only GPIO_10 • IEC-61000-4-2 EMC recovery, and brownout detector and GPIO_11 are available for use as a User UART interface. Future versions of Icon will provide general read and write access to GPIO pins. 4.1 PMU and NVM G2M5477 developers have unlimited access to GPIO The PMU manages the oscillators and power supplies, functionality. controls the G2M5477 when asleep, and aggregates all interrupts to the CPU whether awake or asleep. When asleep, the interrupts collected by the PMU also act as 4.3 Wi-Fi Network Interface potential wake events - waking the module from sleep. The Wi-Fi Network Interface provides all functions The PMU monitors wake events from the AO timers, the necessary to connect to, and communicate with, a sensor interface, RFID and the ISO 24730-2 magnetic standard 802.11b/g Wi-Fi network. The Wi-Fi interface receiver. Current loop sensors can be used to wake on consists of: voltage changes on SDIO or User UART lines. Although • A firmware API in ROM that includes functions for channel the PMU controls the G2M5477 while asleep, and scan, connection, communications, and PHY layer manages the power state transitions between asleep, management. awake, and doze, its configuration comes from the CPU. • An 802.11b/g MAC and baseband PHY. The term NVM is used in this context to refer to memory in • A 2.4GHz radio transceiver. the Always On domain. Memory contents are lost when • A cryptographic accelerator to assist with Wi-Fi security. power is disconnected. • An ISO-24730-2 2.4GHz transmitter. Although not part of Wi- An NVM backup is maintained in flash memory and loaded Fi, the ISO-24730-2 transmitter shares the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz automatically on power-up. Transmit radio path. Icon developers have access to the Wi-Fi Network Interface via a high-level API that issues commands over 4.2 The CPU the serial interface. Example API functions include The CPU is a SPARC V8 32-bit design, clocked at 44 MHz. g2_start_scan, g2_set_ssid, g2_conn_connect, g2_conn_send, g2_conn_receive, etc. Refer to the Icon On waking, the CPU boots the eCos operating system Programmer's Reference Manual, [1], for further infor- from ROM. The boot code then loads an application from mation. external flash memory into RAM and executes it. G2M5477 developers have access to lower level functions in the G2C547 ROM via a firmware API. Refer to the G2C547 PRM, [3], for further details. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 9 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Functional Description 4.3.1 Wi-Fi MAC/PHY As of release 0.0.1, Icon support for the sensor interface is limited to using SENSOR_0 to generate a wake-on- The G2M5477 Wi-Fi MAC/PHY plus API provides a serial event to wake the module from low-power sleep complete solution for Wi-Fi compliant 802.11b/g mode. To enable this functionality, a resistive-divider operation. It supports DCF and peer-to-peer operation, should be externally connected as shown below. with a wide range of security suites - including WEP, TKIP, WPA1, and WPA2-PSK. See the G2C547 Programmer’s Figure 4-1: SENSOR_0 resistive divider Reference Manual, [3], for details of the Wi-Fi API. 4.3.2 Cryptographic Accelerator USER_UART_RX The cryptographic subsystem provides hardware acceler- 22k ation for AES-128, RC4, MD5, SHA-1, CRC-32, and TKIP SENSOR_0 ‘Michael’. The AES-128 block provides 128-bit AES encryption in 10k Electronic Code Book (ECB), Counter, and Cipher-Block Chaining (CBC) modes. All other common AES modes can be created using ECB mode. For further information on the use of the cryptographic accelerator, see the G2C547 Programmer’s Reference G2M5477 developers are provided with access via API Manual, [3]. calls to the entire sensor interface functionality. 4.3.3 2.4 GHz Radio 4.5 Magnetic Receiver A 2.4 GHz radio transceiver that includes a 2.4 GHz The magnetic receiver receives and decodes ISO-24730- synthesizer is used for Wi-Fi and ISO 24730-2 operation. 2-encoded data. It supports up to three axes, automati- The reference for the synthesizer is the on-board 40 MHz cally searching for an axis that provides valid data. crystal. The receiver can be configured to wake the module in a variety of different ways. These options simplify software 4.4 Sensor Interface design and reduce power consumption to extend battery life. The sensor interface provides: To use the magnetic receiver, G2M5477 developers must z four switch sensors purchase a software development kit from G2 Micro- z a motion sensor for use with external ball-in-tube systems. z a pulsed comparator z an auxiliary DAC 4.6 RFID (EPC) Transceiver z an ADC - the Sampled Measurement Unit (SMU) The AO domain contains an EPCglobal Generation-2 Class-1 RFID transceiver. This transceiver can receive z a current generator, for measurement purposes and decode the full set of EPC Generation 2 Class 1 The switch sensors, motion sensor, and pulsed mandatory commands, in North American, European and comparator are all in the AO domain, and available when Asian radio frequency bands (860-960MHz). The RFID awake or asleep; the SMU ADC is in the 1.3V domain and interface can be used to read from and write to NVM. It available only when awake. The sensor elements share supports one or two external antennas. the eight sensor interface pins. To use the RFID EPC transceiver, G2M5477 developers When asleep, the sensor interface can be used to detect must purchase a software development kit from G2 Micro- events such as a switch opening or closing, motion, or an systems. analog voltage moving outside a preset window. When awake, the SMU can digitize analog signals (e.g. audio) and make high-precision analog measurements. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 10 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Functional Description 4.7 Serial Interfaces • Full-duplex synchronous serial data transfer • Variable length of transfer word up to 128 bits The G2M5477 has four serial interfaces: • MSB first data transfer • A standard User UART. • Rx and Tx on rising or falling edge of serial clock indepen- • A high-speed DMA UART (also referred to as the Debug dently UART in G2C547 documentation) • SPI clock speed configurable from 86kHz to 44MHz • A SPI master Note that the 3.3V supply powers the SPI I/O pins. The • An SDIO client including a SPI-slave cautions in Section 6.1 regarding external drive to the GPIO pins apply to the SPI pins. 4.7.1 User UART To use the SPI master interface to control external SPI- slave devices, G2M5477 developers must purchase a The User UART interface can support 2 and 4-line UART software development kit from G2 Microsystems. protocols. The G2M5477 logic levels do not match those of the RS232 standard, so external-level translators are required to meet the RS-232 UART standard. Hardware 4.7.4 SDIO Client support is included for RTS, CTS, SRX, and STX An SDIO client interface supporting SD-SPI, SD-1 and functions. SD-4 modes provides a high speed data interface to the The UART interface supports baud rates of 2400, 4800, G2M5477, operating at up to 100Mbit/s. The SDIO client 9600, 19200, 38400, 115200 & 230400 bit/s. supports a single function - “Function 1” - a memory A note for developers interfacing with Icon: the User UART interface. The interface is overlaid on GPIO-4 through is the only serial interface supported by Icon version 0.1.0. GPIO-9. A FIFO provides buffering between an external The Icon-supported configuration for the UART is 2-wire device and G2M5477 system RAM. 115200 bit/s, 8-N-1. Refer to the Icon Programmer's To use the SDIO interface to communicate with an Reference Manual, [1], for further information. external microprocessor, G2M5477 developers must purchase a software development kit from G2 Micro- systems. 4.7.2 DMA UART The DMA_UART_TX and DMA_UART_RX pins provide a high-speed DMA UART interface to the G2M5477 and a 4.8 Power Supplies debug interface to the G2C547 CPU. The G2M5477 is designed to operate from a wide range The high-speed DMA UART interface will be available for of batteries including alkaline, lithium manganese dioxide, use in a future release of the Icon software. lithium-thionyl chloride, nickel-metal hydride, nickel- G2M5477 developers typically do not connect the DMA cadmium and lithium iron disulphide (Energizer Lithium UART Interface in the final product. Rather, this interface AA-size 1.5V: http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/l91.pdf). is the primary debug interface during development. The The AO domain is powered continuously by on-board DMA UART interface is described in greater detail in the linear regulation of the battery voltage, which must remain G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual, [3], where it is in the range 2.0 V to 3.7 V. referred to as the CPU Debug interface. 4.8.1 3.3V Voltage Regulation 4.7.3 SPI Master The 3.3V voltage regulation topology depends on the The SPI master interface is used principally to access on battery chemistry and arrangement used to power the board flash memory. It can also be used to drive additional G2M5477. A battery that provides less than 3.0 V over its SPI devices. The dedicated SPI chip-select output is lifetime requires the module boost regulator to be enabled connected only to the on-board flash memory and is by shorting the 3V3_REG_CTRL_IN and controlled directly from hardware. A secondary hardware 3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT pins, as shown in the circuit of controlled SPI chip select output can be mapped to any Figure 4-2. one of the module GPIO pins. Further SPI devices can be supported by using GPIO pins as chip-selects under Warning: The boost regulator must not be operated software control. above 3.3 V. Figure 4-2 is not suitable for a battery with output voltage greater than 3.3 V The SPI interface features: G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 11 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Functional Description A battery that supplies a voltage greater than 3.0V over its Figure 4-3: Power Supply for Battery 3.0 V to 3.7 V lifetime can drive the module directly, as in Figure 4-3. Figure 4-2: Power Supply for Battery 2.0 V to 3.3 V VDD_BATT (20) VDD_BATT (20) 1 uH Battery 3.0 to 3.7V Battery VDD_3V3_IN (21) 2.0 to 3.3V VDD_3V3_IN (21) 3V3_REG_CTRL_IN (18) SL12 20 uF Schottky Boost Regulator 3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT (17) 3V3_REG_CTRL_IN (18) Inside Outside G2M5477 G2M5477 Short to Module Module Siliconix enable Boost Si2312DS Regulator 3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT (17) Inside G2M5477 Outside G2M5477 4.8.2 Use with Supercapacitors Module Module The G2M5477 can be powered by a lithium coin cell. Coin cells are unable to provide the high currents required when the module is awake, so a suitable supercapacitor must be used to provide these currents. Some superca- pacitors use two lower-voltage supercapacitors in series. The G2M5477 provides a SUPERCAP_BALANCE pin to share the balance across these capacitors. This pin divides the supply voltage to avoid damaging stresses to the supercapacitor. The pin consumes a lower quiescent current than would be consumed by a pair of resistors. The Icon software imposes a power requirement that cannot be met by a lithium coin cell and supercapacitor. To use a lithium coin cell and supercapacitor power supply, G2M5477 developers must purchase a software development kit from G2 Microsystems and develop a custom application that does not exceed the power limita- tions of the supply. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 12 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical 5 Interface, Connections and Mechanical The following sections discuss pin groupings, pin types, and pin descriptions. Connections with G2C547 pins are provided for G2M5477 developers only. 5.1 Pin Types Table 5-1 introduces the types of pins of the G2M5477. There are several kinds of pins: • The pins of the general-purpose inputs and outputs GPIO[0..14], the SPI bus interface (SPI_MOSI etc.), and the DMA UART (referred to as the “digital” pins). • RESET_L (referenced to VDD_BATT). • FORCE_AWAKE (a control input to the AO domain). • The sensor interface pins (SENSOR_IF[0..7] and the RFID antenna pins • RF connector. • Power Table 5-1: Pin Types Type Description Reset State Gnd Ground. I Digital input with ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Pull-down I/O Digital input/output (bidirectional) 8mA drive, ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Pull-down I/O-24 Digital input/output (bidirectional) 24mA drive, no pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Z O Digital output, 8mA drive, ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Pull-down T Digital output, 8mA drive, no pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Z P Power. Power pins are used to supply power and to control the power supply configuration A-1v2 Analog. 1.2V tolerant. A-3v3 Analog, 3.3V tolerant RF RF input and output. Impedance 50 Ohms C Control input. 3.3V tolerant 5.2 G2M5477 Module Pins Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins Pin Name Function Type, Voltage Icon G2C547 Pin Connection Support 44- Ground Gnd, 0V Power GND_SLUG 36 35 NC - - - - 34 SENSOR_0 Sensor interface. Icon supports A-1v2, 1.2V max Yes SENSOR_IF0 SENSOR_0 for wake-on-serial 33 SENSOR_POWER Voltage output from module for pow- A-3v3, 1.2-3.3V Noc POWER_SENSORS ering external sensors 32 SENSOR_3 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max Noa SENSOR_IF3 G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 13 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins Pin Name Function Type, Voltage Icon G2C547 Pin Connection Support 31 SENSOR_2 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max Noa SENSOR_IF2 a 30 SENSOR_1 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No SENSOR_IF1 b 29 GPIO_4 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V No GPIO_4 28 GPIO_5 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V Nob GPIO_5 27 GPIO_6 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V Nob GPIO_6 b 26 GPIO_7 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V No GPIO_7 25 GPIO_8 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V Nob GPIO_8 24 GPIO_9 GPIO I/O, 3.3V Nob GPIO_9 c 23 DMA_UART_RX DMA Serial UART RX I, 3.3V No CPU_DEBUG_RX 22 DMA_UART_TX DMA Serial UART TX T, 3.3V Noc CPU_DEBUG_TX 21 VDD_3V3_IN 3.3V power P Power VDD_3V3_RING Do not connect when boost regulator is in use. Input, 3.0-3.7V when boost regulator is not used. 20 VDD_BATT Battery input P Power VDD_BATT_DIRTY voltage 2.0-3.3V when boost regulator is in use. 3.0-3.7V when boost regulator is not used. 19 GND Ground Gnd, 0V Power - 18 3V3_REG_CTRL_ 3V3 boost regulator switch control C, Connect to 3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT to Power - IN input enable boost regulator Connect to GND to disable boost regulator 17 3V3_REG_CTRL_ 3V3 boost regulator switch control A-1v2, Connect to 3V3_REG_CTRL_IN to Power SREG_3V3_CTRL OUT output enable boost regulator Leave unconnected to disable boost regu- lator 16 SPI_MISO SPI master data in I, 3V3 Noc SPI_MISO c 15 SPI_SCLK SPI clock O, 3V3 No SPI_SCLK c 14 SPI_MOSI SPI master data out O, 3V3 No SPI_MOSI 13 USER_UART_TX User UART Tx (GPIO_10) I/O, 3.3V Yes GPIO_10 12 USER_UART_RX User UART Rx (GPIO_11) I/O, 3.3V Yes GPIO_11 11 GPIO_12 GPIO I/O, 3.3V Nob GPIO_12 10 GPIO_13 GPIO I/O, 3.3V Nob GPIO_13 a 9 FORCE_AWAKE Force the CPU to wake C, 3.3V No FORCE_AWAKE c 8 SUPERCAP_ Balance the centre pin voltage on A-3v3, 3.3V No SUPERCAP_ BALANCE stacked supercaps BALANCE 7 EPC_ANT_B EPC port B A-1v2, 1.2V max Noc RFID_ANT_B c 6 EPC_ANT_A EPC port A A-1v2, 1.2V max No RFID_ANT_A 5 RESET_L Module reset. Active low C, 3.3V Yes POWERONRESET_L a 4 SENSOR_7 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No SENSOR_IF7 a 3 SENSOR_5 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No SENSOR_IF5 a 2 SENSOR_4 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No SENSOR_IF4 G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 14 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins Pin Name Function Type, Voltage Icon G2C547 Pin Connection Support 1 SENSOR_6 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max Noa SENSOR_IF6 H1 EXTERNAL U.FL connector RF Yes ANTENNA CONNECTOR A1 INTERNAL SMT PCB-style Antenna: Yes ANTENNA antenova Rufa Right: 3030A5887-01 www.antenova.com/?id=744 a. Connect to signal ground directly b. Connect to signal ground via a 10k pulldown resistor c. Leave disconnected 5.3 Pin Grouping z Sensors: to external sensors for measuring analog parameters (e.g. temperature, humidity, shock), The interfaces to the G2M5477 consist of: and sensing security seals, motion and other parameters. z Power Supply Generation: The G2M5477 supports a wide range of battery types and 2 power supply z GPIO: to general-purpose digital devices. GPIO configurations. can also control switches, or provide a user UART and SDIO. z SPI master: connected to the on-board flash mem- ory, the SPI master interface can be used to control z RFID Antennas: up to two ~900MHz antenna for additional SPI-slave devices. emulating EPCglobal Generation-2 RFID tags. z Debug: reset, control, and DMA UART for high- z RF: to external antennas, Wi-Fi Tx/Rx and ISO speed serial and software debug. 24730-2 Tx. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 15 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical Figure 5-1: Pin Logical Grouping Power Supply Generation Power Outputs 33 17 20 21 18 8 SENSOR_POWER VDD_BATT SUPERCAP_BALANCE 3V3_REG_CTRL_IN 3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT VDD_3V3 SPI_MISO 16 Not 35 NC SPI_MOSI 14 SPI Master connected SPI_SCLK 15 External Antenna Connector (U.FL) RESET_L 5 Reset 2.4 GHz G2M5477 Internal Antenna Debug/ FORCE_AWAKE 9 (SMT PCB-Style Antenna) High- DMA_UART_TX 22 speed GPIO[11]/USER_UART_RX DMA_UART_RX 23 Serial GPIO[10]/USER_UART_TX 6 EPC_ANTENNA_A RFID GPIO[4] / SD_CMD GPIO[9] / SD_CLK 7 EPC_ANTENNA_B GPIO[5] / SD_D0 GPIO[6] / SD_D1 GPIO[7] / SD_D2 GPIO[8] / SD_D3 SENSOR_0 SENSOR_1 SENSOR_2 SENSOR_3 SENSOR_4 SENSOR_5 SENSOR_6 SENSOR_7 GND 19, GPIO[12] GPIO[13] 36-44 29 28 27 26 25 24 13 12 11 10 34 30 31 32 2 3 1 4 GPIO/SDIO GPIO Sensors G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 16 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical 5.4 Physical Dimensions Figure 5-2: Physical Dimensions D d E1 E P IN 1 P IN 1 ID E N TIFIE R d C1 d1 B e d D1 C1 C A1 A C om m on D im en sio ns (U nits of m easure = m m ) S YM BO L M IN NO M M AX NO T E A 1.2 A1 2.25 B 1 C 0.2 C1 0.4 D 37 D1 28.05 28.1 28.15 E 20 E1 18.65 18.7 18.5 d 2 d1 2.5 e 2 G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 17 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Electrical Specifications 6 Electrical Specifications 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Table 6-1: Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments Vbatt 2.0 3.7 V Rfmax – Maximum RF input 10 dBm To U.FL connector. VHBM – ESD tolerance, human body model 2 kV Input voltage for pins types: -0.3 See note V Note: The voltage should not exceed 3.7V, and Analog 3V3 should be no more than 0.3V greater than the volt- Power 3V3 age on the VDD_3V3_IN pin. Note that this voltage O, T, I, I/O, I/O-24 changes depending on the state of the module. Refer to Section 4.8, Power Supplies for a discus- sion of power supply operation. Input voltage for analog pin type: See note V TBD Analog 1V2 Input voltage for analog pin type: 0 0 V This pad is an RF input or output, and is a DC short RF to ground. No voltage should be placed on it. Input voltage on control pins -0.3 3.7 V FORCE_AWAKE and RESET_L Warning: I/O voltages must adhere to Table 6-1 to avoid damage and to Table 6-4 or Table 6.5 as appropriate for correct operation. 6.2 Recommended Operating Conditions Table 6-2: Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments Vbatt – Battery voltage (1) 2.0 3.3 V Using power supply configuration of Figure 4-2. Vbatt – Battery voltage (2) 3.0 3.7 V Using power supply configuration of Figure 4-3. Operating temperature -30 +85 C Applies to all specifications unless otherwise noted. 6.3 Package Thermal Specifications Table 6-3: Thermal Specifications Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments Package + enclosure thermal resistance 20 °C/W G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 18 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Electrical Specifications 6.4 Digital Pin Parameters Table 6-4: Digital Input, Output, Input/Output or Tristate Pin Parameters Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments IOH – DC pin current output - high 8 mA Output voltage = VDD_3V3_IN – 0.4V. Digital I/O 8mA drive VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V. IOL – DC pin current output - low 8 mA Output voltage = 0.4V. Digital I/O 8mA drive VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V. IOH – DC pin high current output - high 24 mA Output voltage = VDD_3V3_IN – 0.4V. Digital I/O 24mA drive VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V. IOL – DC pin high current output - low 24 mA Output voltage = 0.4V. Digital I/O 24mA drive VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V. VIH – DC pin input logic level - high 2.3 V VDD_3V3_IN = 3V3 VIL – DC pin input logic level - low 1.0 V VDD_3V3_IN = 3V3 RGPIO– Pull-down resistance on GPIO 8mA pins 83 k Ohms ICR – Maximum crowbar current on current loop 2 uA Input voltage 0-1.2V sensor inputs Timing skew on pins GPIO[0..14] ns 6.5 Control Signal Parameters Table 6-5: Control Signal Parameters Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments treset 160 us Min pulse width for reset assertion tforce_awake 31 us Min pulse width for force_awake assertion Vil (RESET_L) 0.3 Vdd_batt Vih (RESET_L) 0.5 Vdd_batt Vil (FORCE_AWAKE) 0.15 0.5 V Vih (FORCE_AWAKE) 0.6 1.0 6.6 Power Consumption 6.6.1 Asleep Table 6-6: Power Consumption when ASLEEP (Vbatt=2.75V) Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments Current consumption when asleep; room 4 uA Temperature < 30°C. temperature. RFID and magnetic receiver disabled. 32kHz crys- tal oscillator disabled, all digital pins pulled to ground. Current consumption when asleep; full tem- uA Temperature < 85°C. perature range. RFID and magnetic receiver disabled. Supply current for magnetic receiver 190 uA When enabled. Note the magnetic receiver is intended to operate with a 1% duty cycle. Time for magnetic receiver to wake and check 5.4 ms if signal is present G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 19 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Electrical Specifications Table 6-6: Power Consumption when ASLEEP (Vbatt=2.75V) Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments RFID incremental supply current per RFID 2 uA No reader present, when in ‘listen’ state. antenna. RFID incremental supply current 50 uA Reader present, RFID receiver in ‘on’ state. Sampled comparator supply current 4 uA When enabled. 32768Hz crystal oscillator supply current 1 uA When enabled. 6.6.2 Awake Table 6-7: Power Consumption when AWAKE (Vbatt=3.3V) Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments Program load 70 mW Does not include power to flash memory. Program execution 65 mW Doze 50 mW Wait for Rx 90 mW Rx Wi-Fi with CCK/DSSS (1,2,5.5,11 Mbit/s) 125 mW Averaged over packet of 1023 bytes. Rx Wi-Fi with OFDM (6, 9... 54 Mbit/s) 130 mW Tx Wi-Fi at +18 dBm 700 mW 1, 2, 5.5, or 11 Mbit/s. Tx ISO24730-2 DSSS at +18 dBm 700 mW 6.6.3 Wakeup Timing and Energy Considerations Table 6-8: Wakeup Timing and Energy Consumption Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments Time from wakeup event to program load ms Min without boost regulator, and “Fast Boot” mode start Max with boost regulator, and no “Fast Boot” Energy consumed from wakeup event to pro- mJ This includes booting eCos. gram load start Time to load program from flash 0.25 ms/Kbyte SPI clock = 44MHz. 6.7 Sensor Interface See the G2C547 Datasheet, [5], for details of the sensor interface. 6.8 External Power Supplies SENSOR_POWER corresponds to G2C547 POWER_SENSORS. See the G2C547 Datasheet, [5], for details. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 20 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

RF Performance 7 RF Performance The G2M5477 is pre-calibrated. No user calibration is required. 7.1 2.4 GHz Radio 7.1.1 2.4 GHz Synthesizer Table 7-1: Synthesizer Parametric Specifications Parameter Value Test Conditions/Comments Channels supported 1-14 ISO-24730 center frequency 2441.75 MHz 7.1.2 Wi-Fi Receiver Table 7-2: Wi-Fi Receiver Performance Specifications Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Condition Receive sensitivity for 10% packet error rate -70 dBm 54 Mbit/s for 1000 byte packet, measured using a cabled connection to port H1 -72 dBm 48Mbit/s -77 dBm 36 Mbit/s -79 dBm 24 Mbit/s -82 dBm 18Mbit/s -82 dBm 12Mbit/s -87 dBm 9Mbit/s -89 dBm 6Mbit/s -84 dBm 11Mbit/s -87 dBm 5.5Mbit/s -89 dBm 2Mbit/s -90 dBm 1Mbit/s RSSI resolution 0.25 dB RSSI variation over temperature and battery 3 dB voltage 2V0 - 3V7 Maximum input level for 10% PER -20 dBm 802.11b/g specification Input return loss -12 dB Differential input from 2400 to 2500 MHz. 7.1.3 Wi-Fi Transmitter Table 7-3: Wi-Fi Transmitter Performance Specifications Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Condition Tx Power +18 dBm Tx EVM -28 dB G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 21 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Firmware Features 8 Firmware Features The G2C547 firmware provides the infrastructure The G2M5477 module comes pre-installed with the Icon required by an application program for a low-power application, which provides a serial interface for networking functions. For more details see Chapter 9, 802.11b/g device. Application Information. API features include: z an embedded operating system (eCos) Icon developers may fulfill all application requirements using Icon commands. G2M5477 developers requiring z a TCP/IP stack (LWIP) lower level access to the firmware functions should refer z start-up code to G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM), [3], and G2C547 Application Programming Interface (API) z an application loader Reference [4]. z interrupt handling z power saving features z device drivers G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 22 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Application Information 9 Application Information The G2M5477 Module comes pre-installed with Icon, an Icon also provides access to the module high level event application that provides a command line interface to interface, via the eCos operating system. This makes it module functions. unnecessary to perform low-level polling to determine Icon uses the UART interface for communication with the when to respond to module state changes. host controller. For more details, see Icon Programmer’s Reference Icon provides commands to handle wireless networking Manual (PRM), [1]. procedures, including authentication and association, security and encryption and data transfer using UDP and TCP protocols. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 23 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Qualification 10 Qualification This section is to contain information on: z ESD resilience z testing and quality assurance Certification information is separate. z Operational temperature range qualification More detail will be provided in a later revision of this document. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 24 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Design Guidelines 11 Design Guidelines This section is to provide guidelines for incorporating the z Reflowing G2M5477 module in a customer-designed device. It z How the internal antenna is affected by a nearby covers issues such as: ground plane z Pads More detail will be provided in a later revision of this z Layout document. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 25 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Development Kit 12 Development Kit The G2M5477 Module Development Kit (MDK) provides a For more information refer to Getting Started with the hardware and software platform for testing and developing G2M5477 MDK, [6]. G2M5477 applications. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 26 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

References 13 References Throughout this data sheet, references to other 13.3 MDK Users documents are listed. The following documents provide additional material: 6. Getting Started with the G2M5477 MDK G2 Microsystems 2008 7. G2M5477 Users Guide 13.1 Icon Developers G2 Microsystems 2008 1. Icon Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM) G2 Microsystems 2008 13.4 Standards and Excellence 2. Icon API Reference G2 Microsystems 2008 8. EPCglobal - Class 1 Generation 2 UHF RFID Protocol Version 1.09 - http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards 13.2 G2M5477 Developers 9. IEEE Std 802.11 - 2007 - 3. G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM) - http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp G2 Microsystems 2008 10. SPARC V8 Architecture Manual - 4. G2C547 Application Programming Interface (API) http://www.sparc.org/standards/V8.pdf Reference - G2 Microsystems 2008 5. G2C547 Datasheet - G2 Microsystems 2008 G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 27 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

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Compliance 14 Compliance 14.1 FCC Compliance 14.1.3 Markings To satisfy FCC exterior labeling requirements, the This equipment has been tested and found to comply with following text must be placed on the exterior of the end the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 product. of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a Contains Module FCC ID: U3O-G2M5477 residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not Any similar wording that expresses the same meaning installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may be used. may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. 14.1.4 FCC Warning Modifications 14.1.1 Troubleshooting Modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment or television reception, which can be determined by under FCC Rules. turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: Radio Frequency Exposure Table 14-1: Radio Frequency Exposure z Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Property (Units of Measurement) Value z Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Antenna Gain (dBi) 2.0 z Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit dif- Numeric Gain (numeric) 1.58 ferent from that to which the receiver is connected. Max Allowable Peak Power (dBm) +23.76 z Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV Max Allowable Peak Power (mW) 237.7 technician. Calculated Safe Distance at 1 mW/cm2 (cm) 5.5 This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Minimum Separation Distance 20a a. Note: for mobile or fixed location transmitters the minimum sepa- 14.1.2 Conditions ration distance is 20cm, even if calculations indicate the MPE dis- tance to be less, Operation is subject to the following two conditions: z This device may not cause harmful interference This equipment has been evaluated in accordance with the FCC bulletin 56 “Hazards of radio frequency and z This device must accept any interference received, electromagnetic fields” and bulletin 65 “Human exposure including interference that may cause undesired to radio frequency and electromagnetic fields”. operation. A distance greater than or equal to 20 cm from the device should be maintained for safe operation in an uncontrolled environment. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 29 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Revision History and Glossary 15 Revision History and Glossary Table 15-1: Document Revision History Version Date Description 0.01 October 2008 First draft 0.02-0.10 November 2008 Corrections and additions 0.11 December 2008 Release 0.12 December 2008 Corrections Glossary Table 15-2: Acronyms and Abbreviations (Cont.) Table 15-2: Acronyms and Abbreviations Term Definition Term Definition PMU Power management unit. A section of the G2M5477 that controls which parts of the module are active at any ADC Analog-to-digital converter time. AES Advanced encryption standard QFN Quad-flat no-lead package AGC Automatic gain control RSSI Received signal strength indication. Measurement of AO Always on signal strength used by wireless systems to estimate the location of the clients. API Application programming interface RTLS Real-time locating systems DAC Digital to Analog Converter. Rx Receive DCF Distributed Coordination Function - see 802.11 specifi- SHA Secure hash algorithm cation SMU Sampled measurement unit DSSS Direct sequence spread spectrum EPC Electronic product code SoC System on a chip SPI Serial peripheral interface. A standard serial interface FET Field effect transistor used for DRAMs and other components. FSK Frequency shift keying TCO Total Cost of Ownership GPIO General-purpose input/output TCP/IP TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol) IEEE The 802.11b/g standard for wireless local area networks is the basic communication language or protocol of the 802.11b/g (WLANs) - often called Wi-Fi - is part of the 802.11 Internet. series of WLAN standards from the Institute of Electrical Tx Transmit and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). 802.11b/g is back- ward compatible with 802.11. WLAN Wireless local area network The G2M5477 implements the IEEE 802.11b/g transmit and receive functions. WMM Wireless Multi-Media. “WMM” is a registered trademark of the Multimedia Alliance, of which G2 is a member. MAC Medium access controller. Part of the 802.11 trans- The Wireless Multimedia Alliance generates specifica- ceiver. tions and practices which, if followed, lead to greater satisfaction with IEEE 802.11-compliant items. MDS Minimum detectable signal Wi-Fi Wireless fidelity. A registered trademark of the Wi-Fi alli- MRM Mobile resource management ance for certain types of wireless local area networks NRE Non-Recurring Engineering costs (WLAN) that use specifications conforming to IEEE 802.11. NVM Always On Memory OOK On-off keying PCB Printed circuit board PHY Physical layer processor. Part of the 802.11 transceiver. G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008 30 Document Version 0.14a G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet


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Document Modified: 2009-02-24 11:29:40
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