SAR Caldata

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TEST REPORT Test Report No.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A Testing Laboratory CETECOM ICT Services GmbH Untertürkheimer Straße 6 – 10 66117 Saarbrücken/Germany Phone: + 49 681 5 98 - 0 Fax: + 49 681 5 98 - 9075 Internet: http://www.cetecom-ict.de e-mail: info@ict.cetecom.de Accredited Test Laboratory: The test laboratory (area of testing) is accredited according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 DAR registration number: DAT-P-176/94-D1 Appendix with Calibration data, Phantom certificate and system validation information 2010-04-23 2010-04-23 Page 1 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A 1 Table of contents 1 Table of contents.......................................................................................................................................2 2 Calibration report “Probe ET3DV6”.........................................................................................................3 3 Calibration report “1900 MHz System validation dipole”....................................................................14 4 Calibration certificate of Data Acquisition Unit (DAE) ........................................................................24 5 Certificate of “SAM Twin Phantom V4.0/V4.0C’’ .................................................................................25 6 Application Note System Performance Check.....................................................................................26 6.1 Purpose of system performance check .....................................................................................26 6.2 System Performance check procedure......................................................................................26 6.3 Uncertainty Budget ......................................................................................................................27 6.4 Power set-up for validation .........................................................................................................30 6.5 Laboratory reflection ...................................................................................................................31 6.6 Additional system checks ...........................................................................................................31 2010-04-23 Page 2 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A 2 Calibration report “Probe ET3DV6” 2010-04-23 Page 3 of 31

Calibration Laboratory of Schweiserinchor Kaliverdonst Schmid & Partner Sarvie suirse cetatome Enginearing AG dorvio svizzere ditarsturs zoughainetrause 43, 8004 Zurch, Swazeriand 3riss Callbrtion Borvice Amcredtes byihe Swise Acsredtation Service cBt) Accreditaton to: SCS 108 The Buiiss Accreditation Service is one ofthe signatonis to tho EA MoltIstoralAgrowmant fothe recogniion at o lbreioneertfcates Glossary: ts1 lissue simuleting iquid NORMiuy:e senalliity in froo apace ComE sonsitiiy in TSL/ NORMxyz nar ciode compression point or crest fector (Liduty_eycle}ofh RF signal A.B,C modulstion degendent Iincarzatian parometers Polarization o q rotation around probe axis Polarization 8 $ rotalon around an axis that is in the plane normal to probe axis t measurement centar), ie., B = 0 is normal to probe axis Calibration is Performed According to the Following Standards: a). IEEE Sid 1028—2003, "IFRE Recommended Practice for De:ermining the Peak Spattal—Averaged Spo: ic Absorplion Rete (SAR) in the Humen Head ffom Wiroless Communications Devicas: Meaguremont Techniques‘. December 2003 b) 120 62200—1, Procedure lo messure the Sperific Absarption Rate (3AR)for hand.hcld devions used in close proximily to he ear (frequancy range of 300 MHz to 5 GHeY\, February 2008 Methnds Applied and Interpretation of Parameters: NORM: y.z: Auscasod for E—feld polarizstion & = 0 (f s 900 MHz in TER—oolk £> 1800 MHz HZZwangmdn] NORMsy z are onl intormediacevalues, ie., ie uncertaintion af NORMxy,z does not effect the E—feld uncertainty inside TSL (see be ow CanvF) * NORM(s,y,z = NORyz * fequency_response (see Frequency Rosponse Chai), This Iinsarizntion in implomonted in BASY4 software versions laler than 4.2. Ihe uncertainty of the Irequency response is included in the stazed uncertaintyof Cony + DGPx y,z: DGP are numerical fnearization peramelers assossod based on the data of powerswoop with CW signal (no uncertainty required). BCP doss not dopand an frequency nor media +0 Argie) Biopie; Cagiz, VBeyA, 8. 2 are numerical Inearization parametrs assessed based on the deta of power swaep specifie moduleliansignial. The parametors do not depend on Treauency nor modia, WRis the maximum calibration range expressed in RMS valtage ncross the dade + Convé and Bcundary Effect Parameters. Asassed in fhitphantam using E—feld (or Temperalure Transfer Standard for f : 800 MHe) and insit waveguo using analyteal feld oistribut ons basos on power measurements for I> 800 MHz. Thesame sctuns are uses for assessment of the paramatore applied for boundary compenantion (alphn,depth) of whichtypieal uncerlainly values are givan, These paramelers are used in DAGYA software to improve probe accuracy close to the boundary. The sensiy ty in TSL corresponcs to NORMc.y.z * ConyF wherehy the uncertairty corresponds to tnat given for CoryF. A frequency dependent GanvF is used in DASY version 4.4 and higher which allows extending the validty from # 50 Mto + 100 whiz * Spharical isoltopy (3D deviation fromisotropy} in fela of low gradients realized using a flxt phantomn exposed by a peich antenna * Sensor Offsel. The sensor offset corresponds to the offset of virlual measurement canter from the probe tip (on probe axis). No tolerance required Certfieato No: E73—1880. Page 2t 11

CETECOM* ET3DVG SN:1559 January 20, 2010 Probe ET3DV6 SN:1559 Manufactured: December 1, 2000 Last calibrated January 14, 2009 Repaired: January 11, 2010 Recalibrated: January 20, 2010 Calibrated for DASY Systems (Note: non.comeatble with OASYZ system!) Ceifsate No: ET3 toos_Jonnd Page s or11

ET3DV6 SN:1559 January 20, 2010 DASY — Parameters of Probe: ET3DV6 SN:1559 Basic Calibration Parameters . Sensor X| SensorY| Sensor Z nc (ke2) Norm (uvi(xtim)*)" 187 153 170 +10.1% boP imyj" 90.8 820 ar2 Modulation Calibration Parameters un (communication System Name PaR A a c ve Une® e abuv my en 10000 ow aco| x 200 0.00 soo an0 £n5% v a.00 a.00) soul 300 2 200 a.co| 1.00| 00 The reporied uncertainly of measurement is stated as the standard uncertainty of measurement muliplied by the coverage factor k=2, which for a normal cistribution corresponds to a coverage probabilty of approximately 95% * The ce ainin ofhlonY Zeonatea ror® c o Ts use Rages mas * Norercalinanon promeer uncenainyn on snsmnc is seaminad usths eacetan on fo Inawrespore snn ns ecalo oi #iduonent i croresee forthesquare o neic Gomicate No t13—1388 amnt0 Pagedot11

ETSDVG SN: 1859 January 20, 2010 DASY — Parameters of Probe: ET3DV6 SN: 1559 Calibration Parameter Dotormined in Head Tissue Simulating Medi ukc WalictyItie]® Pormiubiy Conductviy ComFX GomFY ComFZ Algha Dosth Uns the?) aso 602100 aa5=9% oara se Tes res r2s ore 165 +33 8ab 502100 #1059% 0802 5% 840 a4o nan oce 235 t10% s00 £60 2100 41.628% Oar s 9% a21 a2: a21 oss 245 s110% 16«0 «s0/«100 ao315% 128=5% s49 sao sae oa0 ar an0% 1750 £50/2100 a0t25% 137 285% s2s 520 520 oar a2ss anio% 1850 £50/2100 a005% 1401 5% «87 a8r aar oé8 247 +110% 2160 a 5042 101 sa.7 a5% 1534 8% aas 433 18 099 17 1108 2450 5072100 sh220% 1802 5% aa42 40 a42 aso ar0 1104 wo a tuo a ow in for BASY v1 4 and nahar (sen 2e ty is is RBE e she ConP unsarainy at alucon recumcy e t uneanereforine nsostes nsuensy nans Cortticats No: 73—1080 Janto Pasas ol 11

ET3DVs SN:1559 January 20, 2010 DASY — Parameters of Probe: ET3DV6 SN:1559 Calibration Parameter Determined in Body Tissue Simulating Media tm Valigty [ke]® Pormitiviy Conducthrty ComsFX ComEY ComFZ Aigha Bepth Un en aso £50/2 100 5o7 =5% 0.90 2 5% iss Tes mss 020 ra7 cr30% s5 £507% 100 5622 0% a97 4 5w 820 820 a20 oas 258 =11.0% 900 #80 /z 100 ss028% 1.05 1 5% o0« sou 6e oan 298 =11.0% 16e0 a50r1 109 538 +5% n40a5% sas sas 538 oss aas £11.0% 175 a r+ 10 s3425% nasa sn «83 «43 «3 660 dit a110% 1950 =5072 100 sasase 182485% 167 167 «87 on asn a11.0% 2150 =50/+ 100 530 13% 175« 5% «42 «22 a42 ose 220 »11.0% 2«so sa7a 195 46% a04 «04 04 69e are ad0% Thvl in 100 i onl ns for DABTY se nc Mavo Page . T—wuncntl ie h RSS t t Csccranty t sniriten foquency and ve unesrtamy ‘or ie inaested neseney bens. Serticate No: ET9—1550.Jonto RageGof 11

CETECOM* ET3DVs SN:1550 January 20, 2010 Frequency Response of E—Field {TEM—Collif10 EXX, Waveguide: R22) . Frequency response (nomalizd) a* doco 2oo (tina Teore | Uncertsinty of Frequency Response of E—fild: 2 6.3% (k=2) Carthecia No: 2T3—18580_.ento Page 7 n

CETECOM* ET3DV6 SN:1569 January 20, 2010 Receiving Pattern (¢), 8 = 0° 1= 600 MHz, TeM if10EXX 1= 1800 MHz, wG ra2 ‘ | ~o—soue | ~m—st ie *\ co—mcune ~m—rmoome2 <a—280 M o «o 120 iro 2i a» +0 Uncenainty of Aial Isatragy Assossment: + 0.5% (ket) Geriicts NoCT0—1580..laord Pege®of11

. CETECOM* ET3DVG SN: 1559 January 20, 2010 Dynamic Range F(SARpsq) (Wavequide R22, != 1800 MHz) 1Eme «es sero tnpur Signat u) sros reooe mwn wal.| noom can om en 1 10 SAfnwice‘1 ~#~—rotcomponesid ~o—censersoie som TT o ; SA fnWem‘] Uncertainty of Linoanty Assessment 2 0.0% (ke2) Certfnts No: ET355_lanto Page 0t 11

CETECOM* ET3DV6 SN:1550 January 20, 2010 Conversion Factor Assessment 1= 900 Mtte, WGLS R0 (head) £= 1750 Miz, WGLS Rz2 fread) wo | santmwen‘ w oo ztm #trim comnsniy in o—Nemimmants ~0—»ralnics ——Messumine Deviation from Isotropy in HSL Error (6, 8), £= 800 MHz Etor (oB) im ow memow mousa murtan i e becoam momce micom mosea umc Unceriainly of Sphorical Isotropy Assossmont: & 2.6% (K=2) Centzate No: CT9—1980,.Janto 2age 10 ot«

CETECOM* ETSDVS SN:1559 January 20, 2010 Other Probe Parameters Sensor Arrangement Triangular| (Connector Angle (*) Not applicable Mecranical Surface Detect on Mode _ enabled Optical Surlace Detection Mode enabled Probe Overall Longth 337 mm Probe Body Diemater 10 mm Tip Lengh 10 mm Tip Diemater 8.8 mm Probe Tip to Sensor X Cllbration Point 27 mm Probe Tip to Songor Y Calbration Point 2.7 mm Probe Tio to Sensor 2 Callbration Point 2.7 mm Recommended Measurement Distancs from Surtace 4 mm Gonbsats No: 13—1580 centa Page 1 ott1

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A 3 Calibration report “1900 MHz System validation dipole” 2010-04-23 Page 14 of 31

CETECOM* Calibration Laboratory of Schweizoriseir Kaherdienst Schmid & Partner Service susse détnlonnage Engineering AG Berveto avizeoro d taratura Zounhovastrease 49, 004 Zurich, Sultzodand Suiss Caltbration Sarvice Aceredtag by t$s AccreotatonSomviee h) Accrediiation No.: SCS 108 The Siies Accroditation Serviceis one of the #ignsteriew o the EA Muifeteral Agreement fo: the racagiton of cairetion centlstos Glossary: TSL fissue simulating liquid ConvF sensitvity in LSL / NORMx.y.2 NA not applicable or not measured Calibration is Performed According to the Following Standards: a) IEEE Sid 1528—2003, IEEE Recommended Practica for Determining the Peak Spatial— Averaged Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Head from Wireless Communications Devices: Measuremert Techniques®, December 2003 b) CENELEC EN 50361, "Basic standard for the measurement of Specific Absorption Rate related to hunan exposureto electromegnstic fields from mobile phones (300 MHz — 3 GHz), July 2001 c Federal Communications Commission Office of Engineering & Technology (FCC OET) ‘Evaluating Compliance with FCC Guidelinas for Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields; Additional Information for Evaluating Compliance of Mobile and Portable Devices with FGC Limits for Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Emissions", Supplement C (Edition 01—01) to Bullstin 65 Additional Documentation: d) DASY4/S System Handbook Methads Applied and Interpretation of Parameters: * Measurement Conditions: Further details are available from the Validation Report at the end of the certificate. All figures stated in the certificate are valid at the frequency indicated. * Antenna Parameters with TSL: The dipcle is mounted with the spacer to position its feed point exactly below the center marking of the flat phantom section, with the arms oriented paralle! to the body axis. * Feed Point impedance and Return Loss: These paramaters are measured with the dipole positioned under the liquid filed phantom. The impedance stated is transformed from the measurement at the SMA connector to the feed point. The Return Loss ensuros low reflected power. No uncertainty required. «. Electrical Delay: One—way delay between the SMA connector and the anterina feed point No uncertainty required. * SAR measured: SAR measured at the stated antenna input power. * SAR normalized: SAR as measured, normalized to an input power of 1 W at the antenna. connector * SAR for nominal TSL parameters: The measured TSL parameters are used to calculate the nominal SAR result. Gertficats No: D1900V2—5d008_Augo® Page 2 ot 9

cErecom" Measuremont Conditions DASY system conflguration, as furas not given on page1 DASY Veraion nasys vso Extrapolation Advanced Emrapolation Phantom Modular Fla: Phantom ¥S 0 Distance Dipole Conter — TSL 10 mm with Spacer Zoom Scan Resolution oh.ddz ~5 mm Frequency 1900 Mz a 1 lkie Head TSL parameters The following parametore and caiouiations were appliec. Tomporature Permittivity Conductivity Nominal Head TSL paramaters 220°C «00 140 mhaim moasured Hoad TSL paramotors ir20 =02)°C «o8 a8% 145 mhoima 6 * Head TSL temperature during test 20 02)°C SAR result with Head TSL SAR averaged over 1 em" (1 u) of Hoad TSL conation —] SAR measured 250 mW inpat powor 10.1 mw/g SAR normatized normaliend to TW 40.4 mW/a $AR for nomina‘ Haed TSL paremeters ‘ normalized to 1W 89.7 mW / g » 17.0.% (ke2) SAR averaged over 10 em‘ (10 u) of Hoad TSL Condition S4R measurad 250 mW input pomer 528 mW q SAR normalized normalized io TW 21. mW 1g | SAR for nominal Haad TSL parameters normalizea to1w 21.0 m¥ 7 g 16.5 % (k=2) * Correction to nominal TSL paramelers according to d}, chapter "8AR Sunaithiton® Ganiicats No: D1960V2—50009_Augoo Page 3 of 0

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Impedance Measurement Plot for Body TSL 20 ney cans cercorer ERD sn a uis massose somine srirlpa 1 se.000 oon hike x UE Harkers on arauues a RrEREEE] se 1.50000 ols m is° + cie 2—2207; an a ore.o00 ooo iz tH2 Harkers Cor weaness Toatbd beoe 0y es a Staet 1 cpa.oon pee iz Stor 2 100.a0a on0 mix Gortiicato No: D1000V2—531_Meyc0 Page 0 o0

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A 4 Calibration certificate of Data Acquisition Unit (DAE) 2010-04-23 Page 24 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A 5 Certificate of “SAM Twin Phantom V4.0/V4.0C’’ 2010-04-23 Page 25 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A 6 Application Note System Performance Check 6.1 Purpose of system performance check The system performance check verifies that the system operates within its specifications. System and operator errors can be detected and corrected. It is recommended that the system performance check is performed prior to any usage of the system in order to guarantee reproducible results. The measurement of the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is a complicated task and the result depends on the proper functioning of many components and the correct settings of many parameters. Faulty results due to drift, failures or incorrect parameters might not be recognized, since they often look similar in distribution to the correct ones. The Dosimetric Assessment System DASY4 incorporates a system performance check procedure to test the proper functioning of the system. The system performance check uses normal SAR measurements in a simplified setup (the flat section of the SAM Twin Phantom) with a well characterized source (a matched dipole at a specified distance). This setup was selected to give a high sensitivity to all parameters that might fail or vary over time (e.g., probe, liquid parameters, and software settings) and a low sensitivity to external effects inherent in the system (e.g., positioning uncertainty of the device holder). The system performance check does not replace the calibration of the components. The accuracy of the system performance check is not sufficient for calibration purposes. It is possible to calculate the field quite accurately in this simple setup; however, due to the open field situation some factors (e.g., laboratory reflections) cannot be accounted for. Calibrations in the flat phantom are possible with transfer calibration methods, using either temperature probes or calibrated E-field probes. The system performance check also does not test the system performance for arbitrary field situations encountered during real measurements of mobile phones. These checks are performed at SPEAG by testing the components under various conditions (e.g., spherical isotropy measurements in liquid, linearity measurements, temperature variations, etc.), the results of which are used for an error estimation of the system. The system performance check will indicate situations where the system uncertainty is exceeded due to drift or failure. 6.2 System Performance check procedure Preparation The conductivity should be measured before the validation and the measured liquid parameters must be entered in the software. If the measured values differ from targeted values in the dipole document, the liquid composition should be adjusted. If the validation is performed with slightly different (measured) liquid parameters, the expected SAR will also be different. See the application note about SAR sensitivities for an estimate of possible SAR deviations. Note that the liquid parameters are temperature dependent with approximately – 0.5% decrease in permittivity and + 1% increase in conductivity for a temperature decrease of 1° C. The dipole must be placed beneath the flat phantom section of the Generic Twin Phantom with the correct distance holder in place. The distance holder should touch the phantom surface with a light pressure at the reference marking (little hole) and be oriented parallel to the long side of the phantom. Accurate positioning is not necessary, since the system will search for the peak SAR location, except that the dipole arms should be parallel to the surface. The device holder for mobile phones can be left in place but should be rotated away from the dipole. The forward power into the dipole at the dipole SMA connector should be determined as accurately as possible. See section 4 for a description of the recommended setup to measure the dipole input power. The actual dipole input power level can be between 20mW and several watts. The result can later be normalized to any power level. It is strongly recommended to note the actually used power level in the „comment“-window of the measurement file; otherwise you loose this crucial information for later reference. 2010-04-23 Page 26 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A System Performance Check The DASY4 installation includes predefined files with recommended procedures for measurements and validation. They are read-only document files and destined as fully defined but unmeasured masks, so you must save the finished validation under a different name. The validation document requires the Generic Twin Phantom, so this phantom must be properly installed in your system. (You can create your own measurement procedures by opening a new document or editing an existing document file). Before you start the validation, you just have to tell the system with which components (probe, medium, and device) you are performing the validation; the system will take care of all parameters. After the validation, which will take about 20 minutes, the results of each task are displayed in the document window. Selecting all measured tasks and opening the predefined “validation” graphic format displays all necessary information for validation. A description of the different measurement tasks in the predefined document is given below, together with the information that can be deduced from their results: • The „reference“ and „drift“ measurements are located at the beginning and end of the batch process. They measure the field drift at one single point in the liquid over the complete procedure. The indicated drift is mainly the variation of the amplifier output power. If it is too high (above ± 0.1dB) the validation should be repeated; some amplifiers have very high drift during warm-up. A stable amplifier gives drift results in the DASY4 system below ± 0.02 dB. • The „surface check“ measurement tests the optical surface detection system of the DASY4 system by repeatedly detecting the surface with the optical and mechanical surface detector and comparing the results. The output gives the detecting heights of both systems, the difference between the two systems and the standard deviation of the detection repeatability. Air bubbles or refraction in the liquid due to separation of the sugar-water mixture gives poor repeatability (above ± 0.1mm). In that case it is better to abort the validation and stir the liquid. The difference between the optical surface detection and the actual surface depends on the probe and is specified with each probe. (It does not depend on the surface reflectivity or the probe angle to the surface within ± 30°.) However, varying breaking indices of different liquid compositions might also influence the distance. If the indicated difference varies from the actual setting, the probe parameter „optical surface distance“ should be changed in the probe settings (see manual). For more information see the application note about SAR evaluation. • The „area scan“ measures the SAR above the dipole on a parallel plane to the surface. It is used to locate the approximate location of the peak SAR with 2D spline interpolation. The proposed scan uses large grid spacing for faster measurement; due to the symmetric field the peak detection is reliable. If a finer graphic is desired, the grid spacing can be reduced. Grid spacing and orientation have no influence on the SAR result. • The zoom scan job measures the field in a volume around the peak SAR value assessed in the previous „area“ scan (for more information see the application note on SAR evaluation). If the validation measurements give reasonable results, the peak 1g and 10g spatial SAR values averaged between the two cubes and normalized to 1W dipole input power give the reference data for comparisons. The next section analyzes the expected uncertainties of these values. Section 6 describes some additional checks for further information or troubleshooting. 6.3 Uncertainty Budget Please note that in the following Tables, the tolerance of the following uncertainty components depends on the actual equipment and setup at the user location and need to be either assessed or verified on-site by the end user of the DASY4 system: • RF ambient conditions • Dipole Axis to Liquid Distance • Input power and SAR drift measurement • Liquid permittivity - measurement uncertainty • Liquid conductivity - measurement uncertainty Note: All errors are given in percent of SAR, so 0.1 dB corresponds to 2.3%. The field error would be half of that. The liquid parameter assessment give the targeted values from the dipole document. All errors are given in percent of SAR, so 0.1dB corresponds to 2.3%. The field error would be half of that. 2010-04-23 Page 27 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A System validation In the table below, the system validation uncertainty with respect to the analytically assessed SAR value of a dipole source as given in the P1528 standard is given. This uncertainty is smaller than the expected uncertainty for mobile phone measurements due to the simplified setup and the symmetric field distribution. Error Sources Uncertainty Probability Divi- ci ci Standard Standard vi2 Value Distribution sor 1g 10g Uncertainty Uncertainty or 1g 10g veff Measurement System Probe calibration ± 4.8% Normal 1 1 1 ± 4.8% ± 4.8% ∞ Axial isotropy ± 4.7% Rectangular √3 0.7 0.7 ± 1.9% ± 1.9% ∞ Hemispherical isotropy ± 0.0% Rectangular √3 0.7 0.7 ± 0.0% ± 3.9% ∞ Boundary effects ± 1.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 0.6% ± 0.6% ∞ Probe linearity ± 4.7% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 2.7% ± 2.7% ∞ System detection limits ± 1.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 0.6% ± 0.6% ∞ Readout electronics ± 1.0% Normal 1 1 1 ± 1.0% ± 1.0% ∞ Response time ± 0.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 0.0% ± 0.0% ∞ Integration time ± 0.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 0.0% ± 0.0% ∞ RF ambient conditions ± 3.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 1.7% ± 1.7% ∞ Probe positioner ± 0.4% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 0.2% ± 0.2% ∞ Probe positioning ± 2.9% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 1.7% ± 1.7% ∞ Max. SAR evaluation ± 1.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 0.6% ± 0.6% ∞ Test Sample Related Dipole axis to liquid ± 2.0% Normal 1 1 1 ± 1.2% ± 1.2% ∞ distance Power drift ± 4.7% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 2.7% ± 2.7% ∞ Phantom and Set-up Phantom uncertainty ± 4.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 2.3% ± 2.3% ∞ Liquid conductivity (target) ± 5.0% Rectangular √3 0.64 0.43 ± 1.8% ± 1.2% ∞ Liquid conductivity (meas.) ± 2.5% Normal 1 0.64 0.43 ± 1.6% ± 1.1% ∞ Liquid permittivity (target) ± 5.0% Rectangular √3 0.6 0.49 ± 1.7% ± 1.4% ∞ Liquid permittivity (meas.) ± 2.5% Normal 1 0.6 0.49 ± 1.5% ± 1.2% ∞ Combined Uncertainty ± 8.4% ± 8.1% Expanded Std. ± 16.8% ± 16.2% Uncertainty 2010-04-23 Page 28 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A Performance check repeatability The repeatability check of the validation is insensitive to external effects and gives an indication of the variations in the DASY4 measurement system, provided that the same power reading setup is used for all validations. The repeatability estimate is given in the following table: Error Sources Uncertainty Probability Divi- ci ci Standard Standard vi2 Value Distribution sor 1g 10g Uncertainty Uncertainty or 1g 10g veff Measurement System Probe calibration ± 4.8% Normal 1 1 1 0 0 ∞ Axial isotropy ± 4.7% Rectangular √3 0.7 0.7 0 0 ∞ Hemispherical isotropy ± 0.0% Rectangular √3 0.7 0.7 0 0 ∞ Boundary effects ± 1.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ Probe linearity ± 4.7% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ System detection limits ± 1.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ Readout electronics ± 1.0% Normal 1 1 1 0 0 ∞ Response time ± 0.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ Integration time ± 0.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ RF ambient conditions ± 3.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ Probe positioner ± 0.4% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ Probe positioning ± 2.9% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ Max. SAR evaluation ± 1.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 0 0 ∞ Test Sample Related Dipole axis to liquid ± 2.0% Normal 1 1 1 ± 1.2% ± 1.2% ∞ distance Power drift ± 4.7% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 2.7% ± 2.7% ∞ Phantom and Set-up Phantom uncertainty ± 4.0% Rectangular √3 1 1 ± 2.3% ± 2.3% ∞ Liquid conductivity (target) ± 5.0% Rectangular √3 0.64 0.43 ± 1.8% ± 1.2% ∞ Liquid conductivity (meas.) ± 2.5% Normal 1 0.64 0.43 ± 1.6% ± 1.1% ∞ Liquid permittivity (target) ± 5.0% Rectangular √3 0.6 0.49 ± 1.7% ± 1.4% ∞ Liquid permittivity (meas.) ± 2.5% Normal 1 0.6 0.49 ± 1.5% ± 1.2% ∞ Combined Uncertainty ± 5.3% ± 4.9% Expanded Std. ± 10.6% ± 9.7% Uncertainty The expected repeatability deviation is low. Excessive drift (e.g., drift in liquid parameters), partial system failures or incorrect parameter settings (e.g., wrong probe or device settings) will lead to unexpectedly high repeatability deviations. The repeatability gives an indication that the system operates within its initial specifications. Excessive drift, system failure and operator errors are easily detected. 2010-04-23 Page 29 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A 6.4 Power set-up for validation The uncertainty of the dipole input power is a significant contribution to the absolute uncertainty and the expected deviation in interlaboratory comparisons. The values in Section 2 for a typical and a sophisticated setup are just average values. Refer to the manual of the power meter and the detector head for the evaluation of the uncertainty in your system. The uncertainty also depends on the source matching and the general setup. Below follows the description of a recommended setup and procedures to increase the accuracy of the power reading: The figure shows the recommended setup. The PM1 (incl. Att1) measures the forward power at the location of the validation dipole connector. The signal generator is adjusted for the desired forward power at the dipole connector and the power meter PM2 is read at that level. After connecting the cable to the dipole, the signal generator is readjusted for the same reading at power meter PM2. If the signal generator does not allow a setting in 0.01dB steps, the remaining difference at PM2 must be noted and considered in the normalization of the validation results. The requirements for the components are: • The signal generator and amplifier should be stable (after warm-up). The forward power to the dipole should be above 10mW to avoid the influence of measurement noise. If the signal generator can deliver 15dBm or more, an amplifier is not necessary. Some high power amplifiers should not be operated at a level far below their maximum output power level (e.g. a 100W power amplifier operated at 250mW output can be quite noisy). An attenuator between the signal generator and amplifier is recommended to protect the amplifier input. • The low pass filter after the amplifier reduces the effect of harmonics and noise from the amplifier. For most amplifiers in normal operation the filter is not necessary. • The attenuator after the amplifier improves the source matching and the accuracy of the power head. (See power meter manual.) It can also be used also to make the amplifier operate at its optimal output level for noise and stability. In a setup without directional coupler, this attenuator should be at least 10dB. • The directional coupler (recommended ³ 20dB) is used to monitor the forward power and adjust the signal generator output for constant forward power. A medium quality coupler is sufficient because the loads (dipole and power head) are well matched. (If the setup is used for reflective loads, a high quality coupler with respect to directivity and output matching is necessary to avoid additional errors.) • The power meter PM2 should have a low drift and a resolution of 0.01dBm, but otherwise its accuracy has no impact on the power setting. Calibration is not required. • The cable between the coupler and dipole must be of high quality, without large attenuation and phase changes when it is moved. Otherwise, the power meter head PM1 should be brought to the location of the dipole for measuring. • The power meter PM1 and attenuator Att1 must be high quality components. They should be calibrated, preferably together. The attenuator (³10dB) improves the accuracy of the power reading. (Some higher power heads come with a built-in calibrated attenuator.) The exact attenuation of the attenuator at the frequency used must be known; many attenuators are up to 0.2dB off from the specified value. 2010-04-23 Page 30 of 31

Test report no.: 1-2034-01-04/10-A • Use the same power level for the power setup with power meter PM1 as for the actual measurement to avoid linearity and range switching errors in the power meter PM2. If the validation is performed at various power levels, do the power setting procedure at each level. • The dipole must be connected directly to the cable at location “X”. If the power meter has a different connector system, use high quality couplers. Preferably, use the couplers at the attenuator Att1 and calibrate the attenuator with the coupler. • Always remember: We are measuring power, so 1% is equivalent to 0.04dB. 6.5 Laboratory reflection In near-field situations, the absorption is predominantly caused by induction effects from the magnetic near- field. The absorption from reflected fields in the laboratory is negligible. On the other hand, the magnetic field around the dipole depends on the currents and therefore on the feed point impedance. The feed point impedance of the dipole is mainly determined from the proximity of the absorbing phantom, but reflections in the laboratory can change the impedance slightly. A 1% increase in the real part of the feed point impedance will produce approximately a 1% decrease in the SAR for the same forward power. The possible influence of laboratory reflections should be investigated during installation. The validation setup is suitable for this check, since the validation is sensitive to laboratory reflections. The same tests can be performed with a mobile phone, but most phones are less sensitive to reflections due to the shorter distance to the phantom. The fastest way to check for reflection effects is to position the probe in the phantom above the feed point and start a continuous field measurement in the DASY4 multi-meter window. Placing absorbers in front of possible reflectors (e.g. on the ground near the dipole or in front of a metallic robot socket) will reveal their influence immediately. A 10dB absorber (e.g. ferrite tiles or flat absorber mats) is probably sufficient, as the influence of the reflections is small anyway. If you place the absorber too near the dipole, the absorber itself will interact with the reactive near-field. Instead of measuring the SAR, it is also possible to monitor the dipole impedance with a network analyzer for reflection effects. The network analyzer must be calibrated at the SMA connector and the electrical delay (two times the forward delay in the dipole document) must be set in the NWA for comparisons with the reflection data in the dipole document. If the absorber has a significant influence on the results, the absorber should be left in place for validation or measurements. The reference data in the dipole document are produced in a low reflection environment. 6.6 Additional system checks While the validation gives a good check of the DASY4 system components, it does not include all parameters necessary for real phone measurements (e.g. device modulation or device positioning). For system validation (repeatability) or comparisons between laboratories a reference device can be useful. This can be any mobile phone with a stable output power (preferably a device whose output power can be set through the keyboard). For comparisons, the same device should be sent around, since the SAR variations between samples can be large. Several measurement possibilities in the DASY software allow additional tests of the performance of the DASY system and components. These tests can be useful to localize component failures: • The validation can be performed at different power levels to check the noise level or the correct compensation of the diode compression in the probe. • If a pulsed signal with high peak power levels is fed to the dipole, the performance of the diode compression compensation can be tested. The correct crest factor parameter in the DASY software must be set (see manual). The system should give the same SAR output for the same averaged input power. • The probe isotropy can be checked with a 1D-probe rotation scan above the feed point. The automatic probe alignment procedure must be passed through for accurate probe rotation movements (optional DASY4 feature with a robot-mounted light beam unit). Otherwise the probe tip might move on a small circle during rotation, producing some additional isotropy errors in gradient fields. 2010-04-23 Page 31 of 31


Document Created: 2010-05-03 10:19:56
Document Modified: 2010-05-03 10:19:56
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