System Description

FCC ID: PIDAIRSPAN-BSR900

Operational Description

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FCCID_388004

 Copyright by Airspan Networks LTD., 2003. All rights reserved worldwide.
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Main Operations:
Airspan Communications Ltd.
Cambridge House
Oxford Road
Uxbridge
Middlesex
UB8 1UN
United Kingdom
Tel: (44)-895 467100
Web site: http//www.Airspan.com
Customer Service (TAC): Wipll.tech_support@airspan.com

System Description Contents

Contents
1. Introduction .............................................................................................. 1-1
1.1. Main Features ..................................................................................... 1-2
1.2. Customer Benefits............................................................................... 1-3
1.3. System Architecture ............................................................................ 1-4
1.3.1. Base Station ......................................................................... 1-5
1.3.2. Subscriber Site ..................................................................... 1-9
1.3.3. Network Operations Center ................................................ 1-14
1.4. Applications ....................................................................................... 1-15
1.4.1. Broadband Data Access..................................................... 1-15
1.4.2. High Speed Internet Access ............................................... 1-16
1.4.3. Voice over IP ...................................................................... 1-17
1.4.4. Traffic Engineering in Multi-Tenant Application .................. 1-18
1.4.5. Repeater Solution............................................................... 1-19

2. WipLL Radio Technology -Physical Layer............................................. 2-1
2.1. Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum ................................................ 2-2
2.2. Modulation........................................................................................... 2-4
2.3. Frequency Bands ................................................................................ 2-5
2.4. Standards Compliance ........................................................................ 2-6
2.5. RF Antenna ......................................................................................... 2-7
2.5.1. WipLL Internal Antenna Specifications................................. 2-8
2.6. Radio Planning .................................................................................. 2-10
2.6.1. Main Technical Parameters................................................ 2-11
2.6.2. System Coverage ............................................................... 2-12
2.6.2.1. Line of Sight ......................................................... 2-12
2.6.2.2. Link Budget .......................................................... 2-13
2.6.3. Interference Analysis .......................................................... 2-15
2.6.3.1. FDD vs. TDD........................................................ 2-16

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2.6.4. Frequency Allocation .......................................................... 2-17
2.6.4.1. Synchronized vs. Unsynchronized Operation ...... 2-17
2.6.4.2. Frequency Allocation ........................................... 2-19
2.6.5. Capacity Considerations..................................................... 2-20
2.6.5.1. General ................................................................ 2-20
2.6.5.2. VoIP Bandwidth and Simultaneous Calls............. 2-21
2.6.5.3. Data Bandwidth.................................................... 2-21
2.6.5.4. Calculation Example ............................................ 2-22
2.6.6. Selecting an Appropriate Operation Mode ......................... 2-22
2.6.6.1. WipLL Multiple Modes.......................................... 2-22
2.6.6.2. System Range Considerations ............................ 2-24
2.6.6.3. Interference Rejection.......................................... 2-26
2.6.6.4. System Capacity .................................................. 2-28
2.6.6.5. Conclusion ........................................................... 2-28
2.6.7. Radio Planning Software Tool ............................................ 2-29
2.6.7.1. Geographic Information Systems Database ........ 2-29

3. WipLL’s Air MAC Protocol....................................................................... 3-1
3.1. MAC Protocol Features ....................................................................... 3-1
3.2. Preemptive Polling Multiple Access Protocol ...................................... 3-2
3.2.1. Slotted Aloha Process .......................................................... 3-3
3.2.2. Packet Transmission ............................................................ 3-3
3.2.3. Polling Sequence.................................................................. 3-4
3.2.4. PPMA vs. CSMA .................................................................. 3-4

4. WipLL Networking.................................................................................... 4-1
4.1. IP Routing ........................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.1. Multiple IP Subnets............................................................... 4-3
4.1.2. Increased Network Efficiency - No Broadcast Packets ........ 4-3
4.1.3. DHCP Relay Agent Support ................................................. 4-3
4.1.4. No Need for External Routers .............................................. 4-4
4.1.5. Interoperability with Third-Party IP Routers .......................... 4-4

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System Description Contents

4.1.6. Efficient Air IP Subnet Addressing........................................ 4-4
4.1.7. RFC 1918 ............................................................................. 4-6
4.2. PPPoE Bridging .................................................................................. 4-7
4.2.1. PPPoE Limitations................................................................ 4-8
4.2.2. PPPoE Bridging and IP Routing Support ............................. 4-9
4.3. 802.1Q/p Support .............................................................................. 4-10
4.3.1. IP Routing........................................................................... 4-12
4.3.2. PPPoE ................................................................................ 4-12
4.4. Transparent Bridging......................................................................... 4-13
4.5. Quality of Service .............................................................................. 4-15
4.5.1. WipLL End-to-End QoS ...................................................... 4-17
4.5.1.1. DiffServ/TOS........................................................ 4-18
4.5.1.2. 802.1p .................................................................. 4-19
4.6. Bandwidth Management.................................................................... 4-20
4.6.1. MIR and CIR....................................................................... 4-20
4.6.1.1. MIR ...................................................................... 4-21
4.6.1.2. CIR....................................................................... 4-22
4.6.2. CIR Proportional Degradation ............................................ 4-23
4.6.3. WipLL CIR/MIR and VoIP................................................... 4-24
4.6.4. WipLL CIR/MIR and Modem Rate ...................................... 4-25
4.6.5. Fairness.............................................................................. 4-25
4.7. Security ............................................................................................. 4-27
4.7.1. Layer 1: Frequency Hopping .............................................. 4-28
4.7.2. Layer 2................................................................................ 4-29
4.7.2.1. PPMA................................................................... 4-29
4.7.2.2. Authentication (PPMA)......................................... 4-29
4.7.2.3. Encryption ............................................................ 4-29
4.7.3. PPPoE Bridging.................................................................. 4-30
4.7.4. Layers 3 to 7....................................................................... 4-30
4.7.4.1. IP Filtering............................................................ 4-30
4.7.4.2. Intracom ............................................................... 4-31

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Contents System Description

4.7.4.3. 802.1Q ................................................................. 4-32
4.7.4.4. Management (SNMP) .......................................... 4-32

5. WipLL Voice-over-IP Solution ................................................................. 5-1
5.1. Main Features ..................................................................................... 5-1
5.2. Interconnection with PSTN.................................................................. 5-2
5.3. Number of Supported VoIP Calls ........................................................ 5-2
5.4. VoIP Related Capabilities.................................................................... 5-4

6. WipLL Base Station Units........................................................................ 6-1
6.1. Base Station Radio (BSR)................................................................... 6-4
6.1.1. BSR Models.......................................................................... 6-6
6.1.2. Standard Accessories........................................................... 6-7
6.1.3. Network Management .......................................................... 6-7
6.1.4. Communication Interfaces.................................................... 6-8
6.1.5. Physical Interfaces ............................................................... 6-8
6.1.6. Technical Specifications ..................................................... 6-14
6.2. Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU) .............................................. 6-17
6.2.1. Network Management ........................................................ 6-18
6.2.1.1. Management Information Base (MIB) .................. 6-18
6.2.1.2. Capabilities .......................................................... 6-18
6.2.2. Interfaces............................................................................ 6-19
6.2.2.1. Connectors........................................................... 6-19
6.2.2.2. Communication Interfaces ................................... 6-19
6.2.3. LED Indicators .................................................................... 6-20
6.2.3.1. BSR’s LEDs ......................................................... 6-20
6.2.3.2. 100Base-T LEDs.................................................. 6-21
6.2.3.3. Status LEDs ......................................................... 6-22
6.2.4. Technical Specifications ..................................................... 6-23

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Contents System Description

7.2.2. SDA-1 ................................................................................. 7-18
7.2.2.1. Specifications....................................................... 7-18
7.2.2.2. Connector Pinouts ............................................... 7-20
7.2.3. SDA-4H .............................................................................. 7-21
7.2.3.1. Specifications....................................................... 7-21
7.2.3.2. Connector Pinouts ............................................... 7-24
7.2.4. SDA-4S Models .................................................................. 7-26
7.2.4.1. Specifications....................................................... 7-27
7.2.4.2. Connector Pinouts ............................................... 7-29
7.3. Indoor Data Radio (IDR).................................................................... 7-30
7.3.1. IDR Models......................................................................... 7-31
7.3.1.1. IDR with a Built-in Antenna .................................. 7-31
7.3.1.2. IDR with an External Antenna.............................. 7-31
7.3.2. Interfaces............................................................................ 7-32
7.3.2.1. Connectors........................................................... 7-32
7.3.2.2. Network Interface................................................. 7-33
7.3.2.3. Connector Pinouts ............................................... 7-33
7.3.3. LED Indicators .................................................................... 7-34
7.3.4. Technical Specifications ..................................................... 7-36

8. WipLL Point-to-Point Radio..................................................................... 8-1
8.1. PPR Models and Radio Coverage ...................................................... 8-3
8.2. Standard Accessories ......................................................................... 8-5
8.3. Network Management ......................................................................... 8-6
8.4. Physical Interfaces .............................................................................. 8-7
8.5. Technical Specifications.................................................................... 8-12

9. AutoConnect............................................................................................. 9-1
9.1. Process of AutoConnect...................................................................... 9-1
9.1.1. Without Redirecting to a Different BSR ................................ 9-1
9.1.2. Redirecting SPRs/IDRs to a Specific BSR ........................... 9-3
9.2. Reliability ............................................................................................. 9-6

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System Description Contents

10. Management System.............................................................................. 10-1
10.1. Main Features ................................................................................. 10-2
10.2. WipManage ..................................................................................... 10-3
10.2.1. Network Topology............................................................. 10-4
10.2.2. Alarm and Event Management ......................................... 10-5
10.2.3. Configuration .................................................................... 10-6
10.2.4. Performance Monitoring ................................................... 10-7
10.2.5. Security............................................................................. 10-8
10.2.6. WipLL Database ............................................................... 10-8
10.3. WipConfig...................................................................................... 10-10
10.3.1. Configuration File Support.............................................. 10-11
10.4. WipConfig PDA ............................................................................. 10-12
10.5. WipAD ........................................................................................... 10-14
10.6. WipLL DB Upgrade ....................................................................... 10-15

A. Glossary ....................................................................................................A-1

B. WipLL Product List ..................................................................................B-1
B.1. WipLL 2.4............................................................................................ B-2
B.2. WipLL MMDS (Trial) ........................................................................... B-5
B.3. WipLL 3.x ............................................................................................ B-7
B.4. WipLL 5.8.......................................................................................... B-11
B.5. WipLL 2.8.......................................................................................... B-13
B.6. WipLL 900 MHz ................................................................................ B-15

C. WipLL Feature List ...................................................................................C-1

D. TCP/UDP Ports for IP Applications.........................................................D-1

E. IP Routing and PPPoE Vs. Transparent Bridging ................................. E-1

F. WipLL MTBF Ratings ............................................................................... F-1

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Introduction System Description

WipLL provides embedded security features such as IP (packet) filters based on
addresses, protocols, and applications.
The WipLL system provides SNMP-based management, allowing remote and local
management, configuration, and monitoring of WipLL equipment.

1.1. Main Features
The WipLL system includes the following main features:
! Low initial investment, maximum return on investment (ROI)
! Packet-based air interface supporting high speed data, VoIP, and multimedia
services
! Modular architecture with flexible deployment architectures
! 4 Mbps (3.2 Mbps net) per sector—up to 24 sectors per base station
! Compact, integrated design allowing easy and quick deployment
! Advanced Quality of Service (QoS)
! Simultaneous support of IP routing and PPPoE bridging
! Supports transparent bridging, allowing easy IP addressing schemes
! Bandwidth management: CIR and MIR
! Supports 802.1Q/p for VLANs/VPNs and end-to-end QoS
! Provides automatic connection to base stations of first-time powered-on and
unconfigured subscriber devices
! Allows redirection of subscriber devices to different base station radios
! Supports configuration files, allowing the same configuration settings to be
applied to multiple WipLL devices
! Supports local and remote SNMP-based management, providing an intuitive
GUI for easy management

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System Description Introduction

1.2. Customer Benefits
The WipLL system provides the following customer benefits and advantages over
competitors:
! No IF or RF cables required for indoor unit-to-outdoor unit (IDU-to-ODU)
connectivity, providing a more cost-effective and easier installation. Instead of
IF/RF cables, WipLL implements standard CAT-5 Ethernet cables.
! Scalability and modular base station architecture allows customers to add
equipment when needed, thereby allowing low initial cost entry and pay-as-you-
grow strategy. Unlike competitors, the WipLL base station is not a chassis-based
design, providing flexibility and saving space at the base station.
! WipLL's open architecture allows interoperability with multi-vendor products
such as residential gateways (RGW), access gateways, gatekeepers, and
softswitches, thereby, operating seamlessly in multi-vendor environments.
! WipLL’s proprietary PPMA air MAC protocol is highly efficient—80%
throughput—allowing multiple concurrent subscribers to utilize bandwidth
without network degradation (from collisions and high BER).
! Long-distance radio coverage.
! WipLL is both an IP router and a PPPoE bridge.
! Supports transparent bridging for easy implementation of IP addressing schemes
! WipLL’s IP routing provides efficiency and eliminates the need for additional
hardware.
! Enhanced QoS—based on IP addresses, protocols, and applications.
! End-to-end QoS—based on DiffServ/TOS or 802.1p.
! Fast-and-easy installation and configuration using WipLL Auto Connect.
! Embedded security features such as IP (packet) filters based on addresses,
protocols, and applications.
! Rich networking packages such as 802.1Q/p VLANs/VPNs.

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System Description Introduction

Figure 1-3 shows the WipLL base station devices and their interconnections.

BSR BSR BSR
BSR BSR BSR
BSR BSR BSR
BSR BSR BSR
BSR BSR BSR
BSR BSR BSR
BSR BSR BSR
BSR BS
S R BSR
BSDU
BSDU -48 VDC
BSDU
GPS BSDU

100B
100BaseT BSPS
Interface unit
(e.g. router, switch)
switch)

Backbone
(IP, ATM,FR, MPLS)
MPLS)

Figure 1-3: WipLL base station units (maximum configuration)

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Introduction System Description

1.3.2. Subscriber Site
The WipLL subscriber site is located at the service provider's subscribers’ premises.
The WipLL subscriber site equipment consists of a radio transceiver that receives
and transmits signals from and to the base station. The WipLL radio transceiver
provides the subscriber with high-speed data access, Internet access, and VoIP at up
to 4 Mbps. The WipLL transceiver connects to the subscriber’s network or PC via
WipLL’s Ethernet hub (i.e., Subscriber Data Adapter).
The WipLL system can group subscribers into VLANs, as well as assign MIR and
CIR levels to each subscriber, guaranteeing bandwidth to subscribers.
The WipLL system provides two different CPE installation configurations:
! Indoor unit (IDU) and outdoor unit (ODU): this setup is composed of
WipLL’s SDA and SPR devices, representing the IDU and ODU, respectively.
! Indoor unit (IDU) only: this setup is composed of the Indoor Data Radio (IDR)

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System Description Introduction

WipLL’s subscriber site equipment is comprised of the following:
! Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR):
The SPR is a radio transceiver that provides a wireless link between the base
station and the subscriber’s network. The SPR is installed outside the
subscriber's premises, typically on a roof.
! Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA):
The SDA is a hub/switch that provides the SPR with -48 VDC power supply and
Ethernet connectivity to the subscriber’s network/PC. The SDA is installed
inside the subscriber's premises and is connected to the SPR by a CAT-5 cable.
The SDA models include the following:
! SDA-1: provides one 10BaseT connection to the subscriber’s computer
and/or network.
! SDA-4H: provides a hub and four 10BaseT interfaces to the subscriber’s
computers and/or networks. The hub interface is a crossed Ethernet cable that
can connect to another hub or LAN switch. Alternatively, it may be
connected to another PC via a crossed Ethernet cable.
! SDA-4S models: integrated LAN switches, providing four Auto Negotiation
10/100BaseT (Full or Half Duplex mode) ports for interfacing with the
subscriber’s PCs/network) These models include the following:
− SDA-4S (standard): Standard integrated LAN switch, providing four
10/100BaseT interfaces to the subscriber’s computers. This model is
ideal for SOHO implementation.
− SDA-4S/VL: Provides VLANs between its ports and the SPR, ensuring
privacy between users of different ports. For example, all users connected
to Port 1 do not “see” users connected to Port 2. This model is ideal for
multi-tenant implementation.

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Introduction System Description

− SDA-4S/VLtag: This model is ideal for multi-tenant applications where
traffic engineering and privacy is required. SDA-4S/VLtag assigns the
traffic from each of its four ports with a different VLAN ID. The VLAN
IDs are fixed (since SDA-4S/VLtag is not user configurable). SPR
converts the four VLAN IDs tagged by SDA-4S/VLtag to four VLAN
IDs configured via WipLL’s NMS. The tag conversion is performed by
SPR before sending the traffic to the air and the other way around when
coming from the air.
− SDA-4S/1H3L: Provides a high priority port (left-most port) for VoIP
traffic.
− SDA-4S/VL/1H3L: Combines the functionality of the SDA-4S/VL and
SDA-4S/1H3L models (VLAN for each port and a high priority port for
VoIP).
! Indoor Radio Adapter (IDR):
The IDR functions as a transceiver and a hub, eliminating the need for an SPR
and SDA. The IDR is installed inside the subscriber's premises, typically
mounted on a wall, desktop, or pole. The IDR is connected to a third-party
antenna, which is typically mounted outside to provide line-of-site with the base
station.
! Residential Gateway (RGW)—optional unit:
The RGW is a third-party unit that provides gateway support for VoIP. The
RGW is typically connected to the SDA through a 10BaseT port. Typically, the
RGW provides two POTS ports for telephony; a LAN port for the local
PC/network; and a LAN port for connectivity to the SDA.

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Introduction System Description

1.3.3. Network Operations Center
Airspan’s WipLL system provides state-of-the-art, use-friendly management tools
for managing the WipLL system. These management tools provide fault,
configuration, performance, and security management of the WipLL system.
The WipLL system provides the following management tools:
! WipManage™:
WipManage is the WipLL network (element) management system (NMS)
providing fault, configuration, performance, and security management.
WipManage is a Windows-based, stand-alone WipLL application that provides a
user-friendly and intuitive Graphic User Interface (GUI).
WipManage provides local and remote network management that is based on
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). WipManage provides
configuration, fault and alarms, security, and bandwidth management to all the
WipLL units—WipLL base station equipment and WipLL CPE.
! WipConfig™:
WipConfig is an easy-to-use, Windows-based application that provides local
initial configuration for WipLL devices during installation. This initial
configuration includes, for example, assigning the units IP addresses and
positioning the antenna (or transceiver) for optimal reception.
! WipConfig PDA™:
WipConfigPDA is designed to run on personal digital assistants (PDA), and
provides an alternative tool to WipConfig (described above) for providing initial
configuration.
! WipAD™:
WipAD is a Windows-based application that provides quick-and-easy automatic
downloading of software versions to multiple WipLL devices.

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System Description Introduction

1.4. Applications
The following subsections provide examples of typical WipLL applications.

1.4.1. Broadband Data Access
Using a standard PSTN modem in circuit-switched networks, subscribers are limited
to 56 Kbps of throughput, and in most cases, to 28.8 Kbps. From the operator's
perspective, once a subscriber has dialed up with a PSTN modem, a full channel is
occupied for as long as the session lasts.
WipLL subscribers are limited only by their own configuration, with a maximum of
4 Mbps—70 times faster than the fastest PSTN modem. However, subscribers do
not necessarily consume more bandwidth from the operator, since bandwidth is used
only when a data packet is transmitted.
These characteristics of WipLL make it suitable for providing data access to
subscribers while maintaining best usage of bandwidth and capacity.

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Introduction System Description

1.4.4. Traffic Engineering in Multi-Tenant Application
Airspan’s WipLL system provides high-speed wireless broadband (e.g., Internet)
access for multiple-tenant units (MTU). WipLL provides a dedicated high-speed
connection to the building, and then distributes that bandwidth among the tenants,
providing them with a private, secure connection.
The WipLL system provides traffic engineering in MTU applications in networks
that connect to MPLS, ATM, or Frame Relay backbones. The WipLL hardware
responsible for providing MTU solutions is the SDA-4S/VLtag Ethernet switch.
SDA-4S/VLtag assigns a different VLAN ID (fixed) to traffic from each of its four
ports. WipLL’s SPR converts these four VLAN IDs, tagged by SDA-4S/VLtag, to
four VLAN IDs configured by WipLL’s NMS (WipManage). SPR performs this tag
conversion before sending traffic to the air, and when receiving traffic from the air.
This VLAN conversion is applicable only when SPR is used as a transparent bridge.
Figure 1-8 shows an example of how MTU works in an ATM environment.

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Document Created: 2003-11-30 15:43:27
Document Modified: 2003-11-30 15:43:27

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