RF Exposure MPE Correlation Report Rev

FCC ID: PD917265NG

RF Exposure Info

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FCCID_2528088

               FCC § 2.1093

  MPE-BASED RF EXPOSURE TEST REPORT

                   FOR

MODEL: HSTNN-I22C (HP Codename “Olympia”)




  REPORT NUMBER: 14U19637-1, Revision B

      ISSUE DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015

               Prepared for
      INTEL MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
    100 CENTER POINT CIRCLE, SUITE 200
          COLUMBIA, SC 29210 USA

                Prepared by
      UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.
          47173 BENICIA STREET
        FREMONT, CA 94538, U.S.A.
            TEL: (510) 771-1000
            FAX: (510) 661-0888


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

                                                  Revision History

             Issue
 Rev.        Date               Revisions                                                              Revised By
   --        12/17/2014         Initial Issue                                                          M. Heckrotte
   A         01/13/2015         Revised Aperture Probe Antenna section                                 M. Heckrotte
                                Revised Equipment List and Aperture Probe
   B         01/19/2015         Antenna sections, clarified Measurement                                M. Heckrotte
                                Procedures




                                     Page 2 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                                  DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                                MODEL: Olympia

                                               TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.     ATTESTATION OF TEST RESULTS ................................................................................. 5

2.     PURPOSE AND SCOPE .................................................................................................... 6

3.     TEST METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 6

4.     FACILITIES AND ACCREDITATION ................................................................................. 6
     4.1.     MEASURING INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION .............................................................. 6

5.     EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST ............................................................................................... 7
     5.1.     DESCRIPTION OF EUT .............................................................................................. 7
     5.2.     SOFTWARE AND FIRMWARE .................................................................................... 7
     5.3.     DESCRIPTION OF TEST SETUP................................................................................ 7

6.     TEST AND MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT ....................................................................... 9

7.     MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES ...................................................................................... 9
     7.1.     EQUATIONS................................................................................................................ 9
     7.2.     SETUP AND PROCEDURE ........................................................................................11

8.     DUTY CYCLE RESULTS ..................................................................................................12
     8.1.     CALCULATIONS ........................................................................................................12
     8.2.     RESULTS ...................................................................................................................12
     8.3.     DUTY CYCLE PLOTS ................................................................................................13
     8.4.     POWER SENSOR CONSIDERATIONS .....................................................................14
     8.5.     POWER SENSOR PULSE RESPONSE RESULTS ....................................................14

9.     MPE RESULTS .................................................................................................................15
     9.1.     MEASURED POWER DENSITY PLOT.......................................................................15
     9.2.     EIRP PLOT .................................................................................................................15
     9.3.     TABULAR RESULTS FOR CHANNEL 2.....................................................................16
     9.4.     TABULAR OF RESULTS FOR CHANNEL 3 ...............................................................17

10.         APERTURE PROBE ANTENNA ....................................................................................18
     10.1.       DESCRIPTION OF ANTENNA ................................................................................18
     10.2.       DERIVATION OF CALIBRATION EQUATIONS ......................................................19
     10.3.       CALIBRATION PROCEDURE .................................................................................21
     10.4.    CALIBRATION RESULTS .......................................................................................21
       10.4.1.   FAR-FIELD DISTANCE ....................................................................................21
       10.4.2.   STANDALONE PROBE....................................................................................22
       10.4.3.   PROBE/ISOLATOR/LNA ASSEMBLY ..............................................................23
                                     Page 3 of 25
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47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
      This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                            DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                          MODEL: Olympia

  10.5.    VALIDATION OF EQUATIONS AND DESIGN CHANGE ........................................24
    10.5.1.   VALIDATION OF EQUATIONS ........................................................................24
    10.5.2.   VALIDATION OF DESIGN CHANGE ...............................................................24

11.      SETUP PHOTO..............................................................................................................25




                                     Page 4 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
      This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia


1. ATTESTATION OF TEST RESULTS
COMPANY NAME:                       INTEL MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
                                    100 CENTER POINT CIRCLE, SUITE 200
                                    COLUMBIA, SC 29210 USA

EUT DESCRIPTION:                    Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop

MODEL:                              HSTNN-I22C (HP Codename “Olympia”)

SERIAL NUMBER:                      74A72P1OYX

DATE OF TESTS:                      DECEMBER 16, 2014

                                          APPLICABLE STANDARDS
                               STANDARD                                                 TEST RESULTS
                              FCC § 2.1093                                                    PASS
   Radiofrequency radiation exposure evaluation: portable devices.


UL Verification Services Inc. tested the above equipment in accordance with the requirements
set forth in the above standards. All indications of Pass/Fail in this report are opinions
expressed by UL Verification Services Inc. based on interpretations and/or observations of test
results. Measurement Uncertainties were not taken into account and are published for
informational purposes only. The test results show that the equipment tested is capable of
demonstrating compliance with the requirements as documented in this report.

Note: The results documented in this report apply only to the tested sample, under the
conditions and modes of operation as described herein. This document may not be altered or
revised in any way unless done so by UL Verification Services Inc. and all revisions are duly
noted in the revisions section. Any alteration of this document not carried out by UL Verification
Services Inc. will constitute fraud and shall nullify the document. This report must not be used
by the client to claim product certification, approval, or endorsement by NVLAP, NIST, any
agency of the Federal Government, or any agency of any government.

Approved & Released For
UL Verification Services Inc. By:                                Tested By:




MICHAEL HECKROTTE                                                STEVE AGUILAR
PRINCIPAL ENGINEER                                               WiSE ENGINEER
UL Verification Services Inc.                                    UL Verification Services Inc.




                                     Page 5 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

2. PURPOSE AND SCOPE
This report documents the results of MPE-based RF Exposure measurements of a radio
operating in the 60 GHz unlicensed band. The purpose is to measure EIRP, enable a
comparison with power density simulations in far field, and assist in the determination of the far
field boundary.


3. TEST METHODOLOGY
The tests documented in this report were performed in accordance with IEEE Std C95.3-2002,
“IEEE Recommended Practice for Measurements and Computations of Radio Frequency
Electromagnetic Fields With Respect to Human Exposure to Such Fields, 100 kHz–300 GHz.”


4. FACILITIES AND ACCREDITATION
The test sites and measurement facilities used to collect data are located at 47173 and 47266
Benicia Street, Fremont, California, USA. Line conducted emissions are measured only at the
47173 address. The following table identifies which facilities were utilized for radiated emission
measurements documented in this report. Specific facilities are also identified in the test results
sections.

                            47173 Benicia Street                   47266 Benicia Street
                                  Chamber A                              Chamber D
                                  Chamber B                              Chamber E
                                  Chamber C                              Chamber F
                                                                         Chamber G
                                                                         Chamber H

UL Verification Services Inc. is accredited by NVLAP, Laboratory Code 200065-0. The full
scope of accreditation can be viewed at http://ts.nist.gov/standards/scopes/2000650.htm.


        4.1.      MEASURING INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION
The measuring equipment utilized to perform the tests documented in this report has been
calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and is traceable to
recognized national standards.




                                     Page 6 of 25
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47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

5. EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST

        5.1.      DESCRIPTION OF EUT

The EUT is an Intel Wireless Gigabit radio model 17265NGW LC, FCC ID PD917265NG
installed in an HP Model HSTNN-I22C convertible 2 in1 laptop (HP Codename “Olympia”).

        5.2.      SOFTWARE AND FIRMWARE
.
Intel Wireless Gigabit 17265 Driver Version: 1.0.30.155

Test Tool: DRTU, version 1.7.5-1069

The EUT is set to transmit on MCS1 with 42% duty cycle.


        5.3.      DESCRIPTION OF TEST SETUP
SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

      Description             Manufacturer               Model                     Serial Number
 AC / DC Adapter              HP                   MDL002                 F252921414020020


I/O CABLES

  Cable No.         Port           Cable Length (m)                             Remarks
 1               AC Power         1.8                       AC Mains
 2               DC power         1.8                       EUT Power




                                     Page 7 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

SETUP DIAGRAM FOR TESTS




                                                   EUT




                                                           2




                                                  AC
                                                ADAPTER



                                                           1



                                       MAINS POWER SOURCE




                                     Page 8 of 25
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47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

6. TEST AND MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT

The following test and measurement equipment was utilized for the tests documented in this
report:

        Description              Manufacturer             Model             Asset        Cal Date          Cal Due
 Power Sensor                    HP                  V8486A-H01          T234           12/16/2014      12/16/2015
 Power Sensor                    Agilent             V8486A-H02          T433           5/6/2014        5/6/2015
 Power Meter                     Agilent             N1913A              T412           5/1/2014        5/1/2015
 Spectrum Analyzer               Agilent             E4446A              T177           5/1/2014        5/1/2015
 Signal Generator                Agilent             E8257D              T181           9/26/2014       9/26/2015
 Downconverter                   Agilent             MT463               T499           8/6/2014        8/6/2015
 Aperture Probe Antenna          UL                  60 GHz Probe        Copper         12/16/2014      12/16/2015



7. MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES
         7.1.     EQUATIONS

DUTY CYCLE

The duty cycle of the EUT modulation is measured, and used to provide the duty cycle
correction factor.

Duty Cycle Correction Factor = 10*Log(Duty Cycle)

Where:
         Duty Cycle Correction Factor is (dB)
         Duty Cycle is (Linear)




                                     Page 9 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

POWER DENSITY

The radiated emission level is measured with the aperture probe antenna connected to a power
sensor.

The measured power is converted to Pt*Gt using the far-field Friis equation:

Pt*Gt = 32.44 + 20*Log(Distance/100) + Measured Power - Aperture Probe Gain +
20*Log(Frequency)

Where:

         Pt*Gt is (dBm)
         Distance is (cm)
         Measured Power is (dBm)
         Aperture Probe Gain is (dBi)
         Frequency is (GHz)


Pt*Gt is converted to power density using

Power Density = (Pt*Gt) / [4 * π * (Distance)2]

Where:

         Power Density is (mW/cm2)
         Pt*Gt is (mW)
         Distance is (cm)


Pt*Gt is also converted to EIRP during the ON time of the burst using

EIRP = (Pt*Gt) + Duty Cycle Correction Factor

Where:

         EIRP is (dBm)
         Pt*Gt is (dBm)
         Duty Cycle Correction Factor is (dB)




                                     Page 10 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

        7.2.      SETUP AND PROCEDURE
Optical-grade linear and rotation stages enable fine adjustments of X / Y / Z / Polarization, and
are used to maintain a consistent and accurate placement of probe.

Absorber material is placed around the support structures and alignment fixture to reduce
reflections, scattering and perturbations.

The Aperture Probe is aligned with the boresight of the EUT antenna at a distance of 0.5 cm.
The probe is scanned over X / Y / Polarization to maximize the emissions level.

The power is measured and recorded, then Pt*Gt, Power density and EIRP are calculated as
described above.

The measurement distance is varied from 2 to 28 cm in 1-cm steps and the power and results of
subsequent calculations are recorded for each distance.

The measurement distance is the distance from the surface of the enclosure of the laptop
display to the probe antenna aperture. The antenna separation distance is the measurement
distance plus the internal spacing between the antenna and the outside surface of the
enclosure. Calculations of Pt*Gt, power density and EIRP are based on the antenna separation
distance.




                                     Page 11 of 25
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    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

8. DUTY CYCLE RESULTS
        8.1.      CALCULATIONS
Duty cycle is calculated as either [(ON Time)/Period] or {1-[(OFF Time)/Period]}.

The Duty cycle within the Burst is multiplied by the Duty cycle over the Burst Period to derive
the Duty Cycle.

The Duty Cycle Correction Factor is calculated as 10 * Log (Duty Cycle).


        8.2.      RESULTS

     Description            OFF Time            Period         Duty Cycle         Duty Cycle Correction
                              (ms)               (ms)           (Linear)                  (dB)
 Duty Cycle within           0.0425              2.038             0.979
 Burst
 Duty cycle over               582.2             1000              0.418
 Burst Period
 Duty Cycle                                                        0.409                     3.88




                                     Page 12 of 25
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    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

        8.3.      DUTY CYCLE PLOTS


              DUTY CYCLE WITHIN BURST




              DUTY CYCLE OVER BURST PERIOD




                                     Page 13 of 25
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    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

        8.4.      POWER SENSOR CONSIDERATIONS
The averaging settings of the power meter / power sensor combination must be adjusted to
respond properly to the modulation bursts and burst period.

The power sensor is connected to a microwave signal generator with a mm-wave source
module extension. The output frequency of the generator is set to 60.48 GHz, corresponding to
the EUT channel 2 frequency. The generator is adjusted for pulse modulation using the nominal
timing values for the Duty cycle across the Burst Period (420 msec ON, 1000 msec Period).

The power meter averaging number is then adjusted to provide a stable measurement (after the
published settling time has elapsed).

Pulse modulation is then turned off, the delta between Modulation OFF and ON is calculated,
and compared to the expected value of 10 * Log (Nominal duty cycle across Burst period) =
3.77 dB.

    Description            OFF Time         ON Time           Period        Duty Cycle       Duty Cycle Correction
                             (ms)            (ms)              (ms)          (Linear)                (dB)
 Nominal Duty                 580              420             1000             0.42                    3.77
 Cycle across Burst
 Period




        8.5.      POWER SENSOR PULSE RESPONSE RESULTS
An averaging number of 500 provided measurements stable to within approximately 0.1 dB for
the EUT’s nominal pulse characteristics documented above. The V8486A-H01 power sensor
showed a measured difference of 3.68 to 3.78 dB, between CW and modulated.




                                     Page 14 of 25
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    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

9. MPE RESULTS
        9.1.      MEASURED POWER DENSITY PLOT




        9.2.      EIRP PLOT




                                     Page 15 of 25
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    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

        9.3.      TABULAR RESULTS FOR CHANNEL 2




                                     Page 16 of 25
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    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

        9.4.      TABULAR OF RESULTS FOR CHANNEL 3




                                     Page 17 of 25
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REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

10.     APERTURE PROBE ANTENNA
        10.1. DESCRIPTION OF ANTENNA
The measuring antenna is an open-ended waveguide as specified in IEEE Std C95.3-2002
Clause 5.5.1.1.3 Small apertures. The aperture probe antenna consists of a 20 cm straight
section of WR15 rectangular waveguide with a standard UG-385/U flange at one end.

Several improvements to the basic design have been made.

The aperture end is tapered to reduce diffraction and scattering.

An isolator is connected to the output of the probe to reduce reflections and improve matching.

A low noise amplifier (LNA) is connected to the output of the isolator to increase the system
sensitivity.

A 16 cm long absorber sleeve is wrapped around the probe to minimize reflections, scattering
and coupling. The placement of the absorber sleeve along the probe is optimized by varying the
sleeve position upon setting up for the probe calibration. No difference in received power is
observed as the sleeve is moved along the probe, as long as the end of the sleeve does not
extend past the end of the probe. After the sleeve is extended beyond the probe tip, the power
begins to drop. A repeatable sleeve position is established by aligning the end of the sleeve with
the corner of the taper and the full-thickness portion of the rectangular waveguide.




                                     Page 18 of 25
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    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

        10.2. DERIVATION OF CALIBRATION EQUATIONS
The far-field gain of the Aperture Probe is measured in accordance with IEEE Std C95.3-2002,
“IEEE Recommended Practice for Measurements and Computations of Radio Frequency
Electromagnetic Fields With Respect to Human Exposure to Such Fields, 100 kHz–300 GHz.”

IEEE Std C95.3, Clause 5.5.1.1.2 Antenna gain determination, states that the power transmitted
between a pair of antennas is measured in the far field then apply C95.3 Equation (2),
excerpted as follows:

GT * GR = (PR / PT) * (4* π * d / λ)2

Converting to the log form yields:

GT + GR = PR - PT + 20*Log (4 * π * d / λ)

GT + GR = PR - PT + 21.98 + 20*Log (d) - 20*Log (λ)

Denoting distance by D rather than d, and converting from wavelength in meters to frequency in
GHz yields:

GT + GR = PR - PT + 21.98 + 20*Log (D) - 20*Log (0.3 / f)

GT + GR = PR - PT + 32.44 + 20*Log (D) + 20*Log (f)                                 Equation (1)

Where

GT is the gain of the transmit antenna (dBi)
GR is the gain of the receive antenna (dBi)
PR is the power received (dBm)
PT is the power transmitted (dBm)
D is the distance between the antennas (m)
f is the frequency (GHz)




                                     Page 19 of 25
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    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

Although a single path loss measurement of (PR - PT) is insufficient to solve for two unknowns
GT and GR, the individual far-field gain of each of three different antennas is determined from
three path loss measurements made under identical far-field conditions using the three different
antennas taken in pairs. Three path loss measurements (PR12 - PT), (PR13 - PT) and (PR23 - PT)
are sufficient to simultaneously solve for three unknowns G1, G2 and G3.


Equation (1) is applied to each of the three path loss measurements as follows:

(G1 + G2) = (PR12 - PT) + 32.44 + 20*Log (D) + 20*Log (f)                           Equation (2)

(G1 + G3) = (PR13 - PT) + 32.44 + 20*Log (D) + 20*Log (f)                           Equation (3)

(G2 + G3) = (PR23 - PT) + 32.44 + 20*Log (D) + 20*Log (f)                           Equation (4)

Where

(G1 + G2) is the sum of the gains of Antennas 1 and 2
(G1 + G3) is the sum of the gains of Antennas 1 and 3
(G2 + G3) is the sum of the gains of Antennas 2 and 3
PR12 is the power received when measuring Antennas 1 and 2 (dBm)
PR13 is the power received when measuring Antennas 1 and 3 (dBm)
PR23 is the power received when measuring Antennas 2 and 3 (dBm)
PT is the power transmitted (dBm)
D is the distance between the antennas (m)
f is the frequency (GHz)


The gain of each individual antenna is calculated as follows:

G1 = [(G1 + G2) + (G1 + G3) - (G2 + G3)] / 2                              Equation (5)

G2 = [(G1 + G2) + (G2 + G3) - (G1 + G3)] / 2                              Equation (6)

G3 = [(G1 + G3) + (G2 + G3) - (G1 + G2)] / 2                              Equation (7)

Where:

G1 is the gain of Antenna 1 (dBi)
G2 is the gain of Antenna 2 (dBi)
G3 is the gain of Antenna 3 (dBi)
(G1 + G2) is the result of applying Equation (2)
(G1 + G3) is the result of applying Equation (3)
(G2 + G3) is the result of applying Equation (4)




                                     Page 20 of 25
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REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

        10.3. CALIBRATION PROCEDURE
    1. Allow the signal source, power sensor and power meter to warm up as specified by the
       manufacturer of the instruments.

    2. Adjust the instruments to the applicable frequency. Connect the power sensor to the
       output of the source. Measure and record Power Transmitted.

    3. Connect the first pair of antennas to their respective source (Tx antenna) and power
       sensor (Rx antenna). Place the antennas at the selected far-field separation distance in
       a bore-sight configuration using a laser level to align the antennas. Measure and record
       Power Received.

    4. Repeat step 3 for each pair of antennas.

    5. Calculate the antenna gains by applying Equations (2) through (7).


        10.4. CALIBRATION RESULTS

               10.4.1. FAR-FIELD DISTANCE

IEEE Std C95.3 Clause 5.5.1.1.2 Figure 5 gives the estimated gain reduction (relative to the far-
field gain G∞) of an antenna as a function of normalized distance. The normalized distance is
given in terms of n = dλ/a2 where d is distance, λ is wavelength and a is the largest aperture
dimension. IEEE Std C95.3 further states that the far-field gain holds for distances greater than
about (8a2)/λ (n > 8).

For WR15 waveguide, a = 0.0038 m

For Channel 2 (60.48 GHz), λ = 0.0050 m, thus a2/λ = 0.0029 m

For Channel 3 (62.64 GHz), λ = 0.0048 m, thus a2/λ = 0.0030 m

The probe is calibrated in the far field at a 0.1 m distance, corresponding to normalized
distances as follows:

(34.5a2)/λ (n > 34) for 60.48 GHz

(33.3a2)/λ (n > 33) for 62.64 GHz

The selected calibration distance of 0.1 m is greater than the minimum distance indicated by
IEEE Std C95.3.




                                     Page 21 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

               10.4.2. STANDALONE PROBE




                                     Page 22 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

               10.4.3. PROBE/ISOLATOR/LNA ASSEMBLY

The aperture probe antenna is configured as a receive-only antenna assembly consisting of the
WR15 Aperture Probe, Isolator, LNA and Absorber Sleeve.




                                     Page 23 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.


REPORT NO: 14U19637-1B                                                                    DATE: JANUARY 19, 2015
EUT: Intel Wireless Gigabit radio installed in HP 2 in 1 laptop                                  MODEL: Olympia

        10.5. VALIDATION OF EQUATIONS AND DESIGN CHANGE

               10.5.1. VALIDATION OF EQUATIONS

The measured gain of the original probe antenna is compared to the realized gain from a
theoretical model of an open ended V-band rectangular waveguide provided by Zhong Chen of
ETS-Lindgren.

 Frequency        Measured Gain    Theoretical Model Gain                  Delta to Model
                 Standalone Probe    Standalone Probe
    (GHz)              (dBi)                (dBi)                                (dB)
    60.48               6.8                   6.3                                 0.5
    62.64               5.4                   6.5                                -1.1
                               Average Delta to Model (dB)                       -0.3




               10.5.2. VALIDATION OF DESIGN CHANGE

The effectiveness of the isolator is validated by comparing the gain measured with and without
the isolator. Since the received power increases when reflections are reduced and matching is
improved, an increase in the measured antenna gain indicates that the isolator is effective.

 Frequency       Effective Gain of Probe Measured Gain of                 Gain Increase
                  (Less Isolator & LNA)   Standalone Probe
    (GHz)                  (dBi)                 (dB)                           (dB)
    60.48                   8.1                   6.8                            1.3
    62.64                   7.5                   5.4                            2.1
                                  Average Gain Increase (dB)                     1.7




                                     Page 24 of 25
UL VERIFICATION SERVICES INC.                                        FORM NO: CCSUP4701I
47173 BENICIA STREET, FREMONT, CA 94538, USA     TEL: (510) 771-1000    FAX: (510) 661-0888
    This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of UL Verification Services Inc.



Document Created: 2019-10-07 21:28:04
Document Modified: 2019-10-07 21:28:04

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