User manual

FCC ID: 2ALPH-E19

Users Manual

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FCCID_3881755

(()) EBYTE SX1276 Wireless Module E19(915M30S) Series

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules This manual may be modified based on product upgrade, please refer to the latest version. All rights to interpret and modify this manual belong to Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. Version Date Description Issued by 1.00 2018/1/15 Initial version huaa Brief Introduction E19(915M30S) series wireless transceiver modules, operating at 903~927MHz (Default: 915MHz), are based on originally imported RFIC SX1276 from SEMTECH, with transparent transmission available, TTL level, compatible with 3.3V. The modules adopt LoRa spread-spectrum technology, which means the transmitting distance is much longer than before. The advantages of the modules are more concentrated power density and better anti-interference performance. SX1276 is a meaningful milestone in low speed communication which is favored by insiders. This series are applied in open and clear air, industrial and living areas with a few obstacles. 915MHz is a North American frequency. Mass production has been conducted to export to North American countries. Modules with transmitting power at 30dBm have PA and LNA to maintain the stability of communication and extend the distance of communication. Modules with transmitting power at 20dBm apply industrial crystal oscillator to ensure the stability and consistency. The accuracy is better than the most popular 10ppm. The series are widely applied in the following fields such as water, gas, electricity meters, IoT reform and intelligent furniture. The module has the function of data encryption & compression. The data of the module transmitted over the air feature randomness. With the rigorous encryption & decryption, data interception becomes pointless. The function of data compression decreases the transmission time & probability of being interfered, while improving the reliability & transmission efficiency. E19(915M30S) series strictly stick to the appearance design rules home and abroad like FCC, CE, CCC and meet the related RF certifications and export standards. Copyright ©2012–2017, Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 2 / 14

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules CONTENTS 1. Features ............................................................................................................................................................ 4 2. Function Description ....................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Fixed Transmission ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Broadcast Transmission ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Broadcast Address.............................................................................................................................................................. 5 2.4 Monitor Address.................................................................................................................................................................. 5 2.5 Reset.................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 2.6 AUX Description ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 2.6.1 Indication of UART Output ................................................................................................................................................ 6 2.6.2 Indication of Wireless Transmitting .................................................................................................................................. 6 2.6.3 Configuration Procedure of Module ................................................................................................................................ 6 2.6.4 Notes for AUX..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3. Operating Mode .............................................................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Mode Switch ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Normal Mode (Mode 0) ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 3.3 Wake-up Mode (Mode 1) ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 3.4 Power-saving Mode (Mode 2) .............................................................................................................................................. 9 3.5 Sleep Mode (Mode 3).......................................................................................................................................................... 9 4. Instruction Format........................................................................................................................................... 9 4.1 Default Parameter ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 4.2 Reading Operating Parameters ......................................................................................................................................... 10 4.3 Reading Version Number .................................................................................................................................................. 10 4.4 Reset Instruction ............................................................................................................................................................... 10 4.5 Parameter Setting Instruction ............................................................................................................................................ 10 5. Parameter Setting .......................................................................................................................................... 12 6. FAQ .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 6.1 Communication range is too short ..................................................................................................................................... 12 6.2 Module is easy to damage................................................................................................................................................. 12 7. Important Notes ............................................................................................................................................ 13 8. About Us ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Copyright ©2012–2017, Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 3 / 14

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules 1. Features  LoRa: LoRa spread-spectrum means the transmitting distance is much longer than before. Confidentiality is high and the possibility of being intercepted is extremely low. LoRa features strong ability of anti-interference, strong inhibitory capacity for the co-channel interference and all kinds of noises, and excellent performance of anti multipath fading.  Ultra-low power consumption: It supports WOR to reduce overall power consumption. In power-saving mode (Mode 2), it can regulate overall power consumption by setting receiving response delay. The maximum receiving response delay can be configured as 2000ms, and the average current is about 30uA.  Fixed transmission: Module can communicate with other modules which work in different channels and addresses. It makes networking and repeater easy. For example: module A transmits AA BB CC to module B (address: 0x00 01, channel: 0x80). The HEX format is 00 01 80 AA BB CC (00 01 refers to the address of module B, and 80 refers to the channel of module B). Then module B receives AA BB CC (only module B).  Broadcast transmission: To set the module address as 0xFFFF, then the module can communicate with other modules in the same channel.  FEC: Forward Error Correction has high coding efficiency & good correction performance. In case of sudden interference, it can correct the interfered data packets proactively, so that the reliability & transmission range are improved correspondingly. Without FEC, those data packets can only be dropped.  Sleep mode: When the module works in sleep mode (mode 3), it is available for configuration, not for transmitting & receiving. The typical current is 6.0uA in this mode.  Watchdog: With a built-in watchdog, the module runs precise layout and time. Once an exception occurs, the module will restart in 0.107 second, and continue to work according to the previous parameters.  Parameter saving: The parameters will be saved after setting and will not be reset when powered off. Once powered on, it will work according to the previous parameters.  Application: 915M is a North American frequency. Compared with 2.4G, it is better in penetration and diffraction but with less speed rate. Copyright ©2012–2017, Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 4 / 14

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of EIS@15M308) Series Modules 2. Function Description 2.1 Fixed Transmission Address Channel )3 04 AA BF p ® Target address Target channel Data No output Address Channet ® Address Channel No output Address Charnes 2.2 Broadcast Transmission Address EFsines EF FF 04 / P Address. Channel Data ‘ l AddrescEhomet ® Address Channel No output Address Channel 2.3 Broadcast Address * For example: Set the address of module A as OxFFFF or 0x0000, and channel as 0x04; e When module is the transmitter (ransparent transmission), all modules under channel 0x04 will receive the data, the purpose of broadcast is realized. 24 Monitor Address * For example: Set the address of module A as OxFFFF or 0:0000, and channel as 0x04; ®— When module A is the receiver, it can receive the data sentfrom all modules under channel 0x04. The purposeof monitor is realized. Copyright ©2012—2017, Chengdlu Ebyle Electronie Technology Co, Lid s114

SK1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19@ISM30S) Series Modules 2.5 Reset When the madiule is powered, AUX outputs low level immediately, conducts hardware self—check and sets the operating mode on the basis of the user parameters. During the process, the AUX keeps low level. After the process completed, AUX outputs high level and starts to work as per the aperating mode combined by ML and MO. Therefore, the user needs to wait the AUX rsing edige as the starting point of madule‘ s normal work 2.6 AUX Description AUX Pin can be used as indication for wireless send & receive buffer and self—check.It can indicate whether there are data that are not sent yet via wireless way, or whether all wireless data has been sent through UART, or whether the madule is stllin the process of self—check initialzation 2.6.1 Indication of UART Output To wake up external MCU Allthe wireless data received have been To wake up the external sent by TXD.(Thebuffer is actually empty.) MCU 2—3ms in advance e 2 Aoidin innnt ns perantil S o ____ ____ j Timing Sequence Diagram of AUX when TXD pin transmits 2.6.2 Indication of Wireless Transmitting ®— Buffer (empty) the internal 512 bytes data in the buffer are written to the RFIC (Auto sub—packaging) ® When AUX=1, the user can input data less than 512 bytes continuously without overflow Buffer (not empty) when AUX=0, the internal 512 bytes data in the buffer have not been written to the RFIC completely. If the user starts to transmit data at this circumstance, it may cause overtime when the module is waiting for the user data, or transmitting wireless sub package ®— Notes: When AUX= 1,it does not mean that allthe UART dataof the module have been transmitted already, perhaps the last packet of data is still in transmission Subpackage transmitting the last package of data havebeen written to the RFIC. When transmission is on, user can continue to input 512 new bytes. (The bufferis actually empty.) Timing Sequence Diagram of AUX when RXD pin receives 2.6.3 Configuration Procedure of Module Only happened when power—on resetting or exiting sleep mode Copyright ©2012—2017, Chengd Ebyte Electronic Technology C., Ltd a/14

SX 276 Wieeless Module ‘User Marual of ELO(15M30S) Series Modules The self—check procedure happens when the procedure of power.on reset, instruction reset and exit mode 3 Normal operation after self—check t ie practap Timing Sequence Diagram of AUX when self—check 2.6 4 Notes for AUX For function 1 & function 2 mentioned above, the priority should be given to the one with low level output, which means if it meets each of any low level output condition, AUX outputs low level, if none of the low lavel condition is met, AUX outputs high level When AUX outputs low level,it means the module is busy & cannot conduct aperating made checking. Within Ims since AUX outputs high level, the mode switch will be completed After switching to new operating mode,it will not work in the new mode immediately until AUX rising edge lasts for 2ms, If AUX stays on the high level, the aperating mode can be switched immediately When the user switches to other aperating modes from made 3 (sleep mode) or it‘ s stllin reset process, the module will reset user parameters. During it,AUX outputs low level 3. Operating Mode The table below shows the status of ML & MO and the correspanding modes: 0 Mede(0—3) ML Mo Modeintroduction Remark Mode 0 The receiver must work in o 0. UART and wireless channel are open. Transparent transmission is on Normal mode 0 or mode 1 UART and wireless channel are open. The difference between Mode 1 normal made and wake—up made is that it will add preamble code The receiver can work in Wake—up automatically before data packet transmission so that it can awaken made 0, mode 1 or mode 2 the receiver works in made 2 1. The: transmitter| must UART is disabled. Wireless module works at WOR made (wake on Mode 2 work in made 1 o 1| radia). it will open the UART and transmit data after recelving the Power—saving 2. Transmitting is not wireless data allowed in this made Mode 3 1 1| Parametersetting More in working parameter Sleep 3.1 Mode Switch The user can decide the operating mode by the combination of ML and MO. The two GPIOs of MCU can be used to switch mode After madifying ML or MQ,it will start to work in new made Ims laterif the madule is free, i there are any serial data that are yet to fnish wireless transmitting, it will start to work in new mode after the UART transmitting firished. After the module receives the wireless data & transmits the data through serial port, it will start to work in new mode after the transmitting fnished. Therefore, Copyright ©2012—2017, Chenges Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd Ti

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules the mode-switch is only valid when AUX outputs 1, otherwise it will delay.  For example, in mode 0 or mode 1, if the user inputs massive data consecutively and switches operating mode at the same time, the mode-switch operation is invalid. New mode checking can only be started after all the user’s data process completed. It is recommended to check AUX pin out status and wait 2ms after AUX outputs high level before switching the mode.  If the module switches from other modes to stand-by mode, it will work in stand-by mode only after all the remained data process completed. The feature can be used to save power consumption. For example, when the transmitter works in mode 0, after the external MCU transmits data “12345”, it can switch to sleep mode immediately without waiting the rising edge of the AUX pin, also the user’s main MCU will go dormancy immediately. Then the module will transmit all the data through wireless transmission & go dormancy 1ms later automatically, which reduces MCU working time & save power.  Likewise, this feature can be used in any mode-switch. The module will start to work in new mode within 1ms after completing present mode task, which enables the user to omit the procedure of AUX inquiry and switch mode swiftly. For example, when switching from transmitting mode to receiving mode, the user MCU can go dormancy before mode-switch, using external interrupt function to get AUX change so that the mode-switch can be realized.  This operation is very flexible and efficient. It is totally designed on the basis of the user MCU’s convenience, at the same time the work load and power consumption of the whole system has been reduced and the efficiency of whole system is largely improved. 3.2 Normal Mode (Mode 0) When M1 = 0 & M0 = 0, module works in mode 0 The module can receive the user data via serial port, and transmit wireless data package of 58 bytes. When the data inputted by user is up to 58 byte, the module will start wireless transmission. During which the user can input data continuously for transmission. When the required transmission bytes are less than 58 bytes, the module will wait 3-byte time and treat it as data termination unless continuous data inputted by user. Then the module will transmit all the data through wireless Transmitting channel. When the module receives the first data packet from user, the AUX outputs low level. After all the data are transmitted into RF chip and transmission start , AUX outputs high level. At this time, it means that the last wireless data package transmission is started, which enables the user to input another 512 bytes continuously. The data package transmitted from the module working in mode 0 can only be received by the module working in mode 0 or 1. The wireless receiving function of the module is on, the data packet transmitted from the module working in mode 0 & mode 1 can be received. Receiving After the data packet is received, the AUX outputs low level, 5ms later the module starts to transmit wireless data through serial port TXD pin. After all the wireless data have been transmitted via serial port, the AUX outputs high level. 3.3 Wake-up Mode (Mode 1) When M1 = 0 & M0 = 1, module works in mode 1 The condition of data packet transmission & AUX function is the same as mode 0. The only difference is that the module will add preamble code before each data packet automatically. The preamble code length depends on the Transmitting wake-up time set in the user parameters. The purpose of the preamble code is waking up the receiving module works in mode 2. Therefore, the data package transmitted from mode 1 can be received by mode 0, mode1 and mode 2. Receiving The same as that in mode 0. Copyright ©2012–2017, Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 8 / 14

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules 3.4 Power-saving Mode (Mode 2) When M1 = 1 & M0 = 0, module works in mode 2 UART is closed, the module cannot receive any serial port data from outside MCU. Transmitting Hence the function of wireless transmission is not available for the module working in this mode. In mode 2, it is required the data transmitter works in mode 1. The wireless module monitors the preamble code at regular time. Once it gets the preamble code, it will remain as receiving status and waiting for the completion of receiving the entire valid data package. Then the AUX outputs low level, 5ms later the serial port is open to transmit received wireless data through TXD. Finally, Receiving AUX outputs high level after process completed. The wireless module stays in “power-saving – monitoring” working status (polling). By setting different wake-up time, the module will have different receiving response delay (2s in maximum) and average power consumption (30uA in minimum). The user needs to achieve a balance between communication delay time & average power consumption. 3.5 Sleep Mode (Mode 3) When M1=1, M0=1, module works in mode 3 Transmitting N/A Receiving N/A Parameter This mode can be used for parameter setting. It uses serial port 9600 & 8N1 to set module working parameters through setting specific instruction format. (please refer to parameters setting for details) When the mode changes from sleep mode to others, the module will reset its parameters, during which the AUX keeps low Notes level and then outputs high level after reset completed. User is recommended to check the AUX rising edge. 4. Instruction Format In sleep mode（mode 3：M1=1, M0=1）, it supports instructions in the table below. (Only support 9600 and 8N1 format when setting) No. Instruction format Illustration C0 + 5 bytes working parameters are sent in hexadecimal format. 6 bytes in total and must 1 C0 + working parameters be sent in succession. ( Save the parameters when power-down ) Three C1 are sent in hexadecimal format. The module returns the saved parameters and 2 C1+C1+C1 must be sent in succession. C2 + 5 bytes working parameters are sent in hexadecimal format. 6 bytes in total and must 3 C2 + working parameters be sent in succession. ( Do not save the parameters when power-down ) Three C3 are sent in hexadecimal format. The module returns the version information and 4 C3+C3+C3 they must be sent in succession. Three C4 are sent in hexadecimal format. The module will reset one time and they must be 5 C4+C4+C4 sent in succession. 4.1 Default Parameter Default parameter values：C0 00 00 1A 17 44 Model Frequency Address Channel Air data rate Baud rate Parity Transmitting power E44-TTL-100 915MHz 0x0000 0x0F 2.4kbps 9600 8N1 100mW Copyright ©2012–2017, Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 9 / 14


SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules 1 1 0 57600bps 1 1 1 115200bps 2 1 0 Air data rate（bps） 0 0 0 0.3kbps  The lower the air data rate, the longer the 0 0 1 1.2kbps transmitting distance, better 0 1 0 2.4kbps（Default） anti-interference performance and longer 0 1 1 4.8kbps transmitting time 1 0 0 9.6kbps  The air data rate must keep the same for 1 0 1 19.2kbps both communication parties. 1 1 0 19.2kbps（equal to 101） 1 1 1 19.2kbps（equal to 101） 7 6 5 N/A  0 4 CHAN Communication channel  00H-1FH，for 900 ~ 931MHz 4-0：Communication channel, default 06H（915MHz） 7 Fixed transmission（similar to MODBUS）  In fixed transmission mode, the first three bytes of each user's data frame can 0 Transparent transmission mode（default） be used as high/low address and channel. The module changes its address and channel when transmit. And it will 1 Fixed transmission mode revert to original setting after complete the process. 6 IO drive mode(the default 1)  This bit is used to the module internal pull-up resistor. It also increases the 1 TXD and AUX push-pull outputs, RXD pull-up inputs level’s adaptability in case of open drain. But in some cases, it may need 0 TXD、AUX open-collector outputs, RXD open-collector inputs external pull-up resistor. 5 4 3 wireless wake-up time  The transmit & receive module work in 0 0 0 250ms（default） mode 0, whose delay time is invalid & can 0 0 1 500ms be arbitrary value.  The transmitter works in mode 1 can 5 OPTION 0 1 0 750ms transmit the preamble code of the 0 1 1 1000ms corresponding time continuously.  When the receiver works in mode 2, the 1 0 0 1250ms time means the monitor interval time 1 0 1 1500ms (wireless wake-up). Only the data from transmitter that works in mode 1 can be 1 1 0 1750ms received. 1 1 1 2000ms 2 FEC switch  After turn off FEC, the actual data transmission rate increases while 0 Turn off FEC anti-interference ability decreases. Also the transmission distance is relatively short.  Both communication parties must keep 1 Turn on FEC（Default） on the same pages about turn-on or turn-off FEC. 1 0 transmission power (approximation)  For E44-TTL-100 Copyright ©2012–2017, Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 11 / 14

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules  The external power must make sure the 0 0 20dBm（Default） ability of current output more than 0 1 17dBm 250mA and ensure the power supply ripple within 100mV. 1 0 14dBm  Low power transmission is not recommended due to its low power 1 1 10dBm supply efficiency. 1 0 transmission power (approximation)  E19(915M30S)  The external power must make sure the 0 0 30dBm（Default） ability of current output more than 1A 0 1 27dBm and ensure the power supply ripple within 100mV. 1 0 24dBm  Low power transmission is not recommended due to its low power 1 1 21dBm supply efficiency. For example: The meaning of No.3 "SPED" byte The binary bit of the byte 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 The specific value 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 ( configured by user) Meaning UART parity bit 8N1 UART baud rate is 9600 Air data rate is 2.4k Corresponding hexadecimal 1 A 5. Parameter Setting When the module is in mode 3 (M1=1 M0=1), the parameter can be set by instruction or software in PC. Please visit www.cdebyte.com to download the software. 6. FAQ 6.1 Communication range is too short  The communication distance will be affected when obstacle exists.  Data lose rate will be affected by temperature, humidity and co-channel interference.  The ground will absorb and reflect wireless radio wave, so the performance will be poor when testing near ground.  Sea water has great ability in absorbing wireless radio wave, so performance will be poor when testing near the sea.  The signal will be affected when the antenna is near metal object or put in a metal case.  Power register was set incorrectly, air data rate is set as too high (the higher the air data rate, the shorter the distance).  When the power supply at room temperature is lower than the recommended low voltage, the lower the voltage is, the lower the transmitting power is.  Due to antenna quality or poor matching between antenna and module. 6.2 Module is easy to damage  Please check the power supply and ensure it is within the recommended range. Voltage higher than the peak will lead to a permanent damage to the module.  Please check the stability of power supply and ensure the voltage not to fluctuate too much. Copyright ©2012–2017, Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 12 / 14

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SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules warning statements; 1. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference. (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. 2. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. The devices must be installed and used in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions as described in the user documentation that comes with the product. Copyright ©2012–2017, Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 14 / 14


Document Created: 2018-06-06 23:31:50
Document Modified: 2018-06-06 23:31:50
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