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United States Patent | 4,472,634 |
Baptist , et al. | September 18, 1984 |
The invention relates to an apparatus for determining the electron states of a material. This apparatus comprises an enclosure containing a material, means for producing electrons of energy E.sub.i such, that on then penetrating the material, they acquire an energy E.sub.f below E.sub.i, accompanied by an emission of photons having different wavelengths. The apparatus also comprises another enclosure equipped with a tube entering the vacuum enclosure and provided with an entrance slit and another tube provided with a regulatable exit slit. The apparatus also comprises a grating located in the other enclosure and etched with lines, whilst being able to rotate about an axis parallel to these lines in order to select photons of the same wavelength. The apparatus finally has means for detecting the selected photons. Application to the determination of the forbidden band of a semiconductor.
Inventors: | Baptist; Robert (Grenoble, FR), Chauvet; Gerard (Grenoble, FR) |
Assignee: |
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique
(Paris,
FR)
|
Appl. No.: | 06/373,240 |
Filed: | April 29, 1982 |
May 14, 1981 [FR] | 81 09613 | |||
Current U.S. Class: | 250/372 ; 250/399; 250/459.1 |
Current International Class: | G01N 23/225 (20060101); G01N 23/22 (20060101); G01J 001/42 () |
Field of Search: | 250/372,306,399,458.1,459.1 356/305,311,317,318,328,329 |
4253765 | March 1981 | Kato et al. |
2428836 | Jan., 1980 | FR | |||
Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 6th edition, Wiley & Sons, New York, 1976, pp. 348-350. . Applied Physics, Vol. 18, 1979, Denninger et al., "A VUV Isochromat Spectrometer for Surface Analysis". . Physical Review B, solid state third series, Vol. 7, No. 8, 1973, Turtle et al., Densities of Unfilled One-Electron Levels in Elements Vanadium & Iron through Zinc by Means of X-ray Continuum Isochromats".. |