Question 4 Technical Presentation

0037-EX-CN-2016 Images

Kongsberg Underwater Technology, Inc.

2016-09-09ELS_181802

Maritime Broadband Radio Kongsberg Seatex

Outline • Wireless communication in a maritime environment • A smart antenna solution • Test results • Conclusion Page 2 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Maritime communication requirements A communication solution must… … be reliable with a minimum loss of data packets … be designed to work well in a maritime environment … be able to communicate simultaneously over short and long distances … work even when signal path is obstructed by large vessels … be easy to operate, maintain and install Page 3 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Maritime communication problem 1 • Flat sea fading • Caused by out-of-phase Fresnel zone interference + + - - Page 4 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Maritime communication problem 2 • Two vessels located close to each other and a third vessel located far away • Communication needed simultaneously between all vessels, even when one is beyond line-of-sight Page 5 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Maritime communication problem 3 • Large object in the signal path between communicating vessels • Radio communication effectively blocked in a worst-case scenario Page 6 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

1 W 7 1 O / R 1 L 1 D / C 2 L 0 A 1 S 5 S - t h r o u g h p e o p l e , t e c h n o l o g y a n d d e d i c a t i o n . A smart antenna solution

Increasing range by focusing the radio beam • Increasing the antenna gain will increase the radio range : PRX = PTX + GTX - LTX - LFS - LM + GRX - LRX • Many traditional designs, but knowing where the direction to the transmitted signal is needed Page 8 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Beam forming by antenna arrays • With a phased array antenna the radio beam can be shaped to increase gain in specific directions • The beam can be focused instantaneously by software both for transmission and reception Example of phased array radar antenna found on the Internet Beam forming radiation patterns Page 9 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

A smart antenna • Combining up to 60 antenna elements in one antenna panel • Simulations and experiments used to find optimal geometry • Enables instantaneous beam forming and spatial addressing • Compact size • High gain Smart antennas are antenna arrays with signal processing used to identify spatial signal signatures such as the direction of arrival of the signal, and use it to calculate beam-forming vectors, to track and locate the antenna beam on the target. Page 10 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Parallel signal processing • Massive parallel processing by use of up to 17 FPGAs handling a real- time data stream of 40 Gbps • Operating in 5 GHz frequency band • Real-time signal processing • Up to 60 independent transceivers • Fail tolerant design Page 11 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication. (*) FPGA – Field-Programmable Gate Array

Beamforming Page 12 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Managing the communication protocol • In most Wi-Fi solutions the underlying protocol is invisible to the user • Optimizing the basic protocol is complex but allows several improvements (adapting the MAC/PHY layers) • Improved real-time capability • Improved bandwidth utilization • More optimal priorities between data types • Avoiding data telegram collisions (interference) Page 13 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

A wireless distribution system • Several smart antenna nodes (MBR) can form a wireless distribution system to support maritime operations • Each node can be connected to several clients by a standard IP subnet (Ethernet) • Seamless communication between nodes (MBR units) • Can offer virtual IP tunnels between vessels Page 14 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

W 1 1 O 5 / R 1 L 1 D / C 2 L 0 A 1 S 5 S - t h r o u g h p e o p l e , t e c h n o l o g y a n d d e d i c a t i o n . Test results

Flat sea fading Path loss between two circular polarized antennas vs. distance -100 -110 Sensitivity limit for a conventional system -120 -130 Path loss (dB) -140 -150 -160 Testing flat sea fading on a freezing day Sensitivity limit for a in Trondheim, Norway smart antenna system -170 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 km Page 16 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Flat sea fading – 4km to 0km Page 17 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Throughput test in difficult conditions 2 Mbps video limit 1 Mbps Page 18 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Communication beyond line-of-sight User data throughput vs. distance 4 Mbps 4 3.5 Line of Sight 3 Mbps 3 2.5 Throughput [Mbps] 2 Mbps 2 1.5 video limit 1 Mbps 1 0.5 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Distance [km] 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 [km] Page 19 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Communication beyond line-of-sight – 7Mbps Line of Sight video limit Page 20 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

Communication beyond line-of-sight – 15Mbps Line of Sight video limit Page 21 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

MBR System Page 27 11/11/2015 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

MBR Products • MBR 189 – High gain version for vertical installation • MBR 179 – High gain omnidirectional version for horizontal installation • MBR 144 – Portable mobile version Page 28 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

MBR Products Page 29 WORLD CLASS - through people, technology and dedication.

kongsberg.com


Document Created: 2016-09-09 11:07:50
Document Modified: 2016-09-09 11:07:50
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