Letter

0747-EX-PL-2015 Text Documents

Google Inc.

2016-01-27ELS_171957

Google Inc.                                                                                     Main 202 346.1100
25 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W.                                                                    Fax 202 346.1101
9th Floor                                                                                        www.google.com
Washington, DC 20001



                                               January 26, 2016

        Via ELS

        Dr. Nnake Nweke
        Chief, Experimental Licensing Branch
        Federal Communications Commission
        445 Twelfth Street SW
        Washington, DC 20554

                 Re:      File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015

        Dear Dr. Nweke:

               In File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015, Google Inc. (Google) seeks experimental
        authorization to conduct nationwide testing of airborne and terrestrial transmitters in
        the 71-76 and 81-86 GHz bands (collectively, the E-band). Below, we address the two
        issues commenters on the application have raised: (1) whether Google’s testing would
        have health or environmental impacts and (2) mitigation of potential harmful
        interference to existing fixed microwave operations in the E-band.

                       1. Google’s proposed testing does not pose health or environmental risks.

               Some commenting parties worry that the radio-frequency (RF) energy from
        Google’s proposed testing could harm humans, animals, or plants in the vicinity of the
        test operations.1 The proposed experimental operations in fact present vastly less risk
        from RF exposure than other transmissions the Commission routinely authorizes. Thus,


        1
          S
          ​ee​ Letter from Ed Friedman and Marcey Kliparchuk, Global Union Against Radiation
        Deployment from Space, to Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary, FCC, File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015 (Dec.
        17, 2015); Letter from Dimitri Magiasis to Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary, FCC, File No.
        0747-EX-PL-2015 (Dec. 31, 2015); Letter from Kate Kheel, et al., Maryland Smart Meter
        Awareness, to Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary, FCC, File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015 (Jan. 11, 2016);
        Letter from Warren Woodward, File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015 (submitted Jan. 11, 2016); Letter from
        Cynthia Price, File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015 (submitted Jan. 12, 2016); Letter from Rebecca, File No.
        0747-EX-PL-2015 (submitted Jan. 12, 2016); Letter from Shannon, File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015
        (submitted Jan. 12, 2016); Letter from Nina Beety, Member, California EMF Safety Coalition, to
        Office of Engineering and Technology, FCC, File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015 (Jan. 13, 2016); Letter
        from Evelyn Savarin to Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary, FCC, File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015 (Jan. 18,
        2016).


Google Inc.
File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015

although we respect that the commenters’ concerns are genuinely held, there is no
factual basis for them.

       Terrestrial operations​
                             : Google’s proposed terrestrial operations comply with the
technical standards set forth in the FCC’s Part 101 rules for fixed microwave services.
Unlike typical fixed microwave operations, though, Google’s terrestrial antennas will be
pointed upward. This will greatly mitigate RF exposure on the ground, as received
power from Google’s directional transmissions drops off by 1,000 times at just a few
degrees off-boresight.

       Airborne operations​ : Transmitted power levels from airborne transmitters will
not exceed -2 dBW and EIRP will not exceed 41 dBW, well below the maximum power
allowed in the band. These emissions also will follow the formula set forth in 47 C.F.R.
§ 101.115(b) (note 15), which specially limits maximum allowable EIRP for antennas
with gain between 43 and 50 dBi. And again, receivers or persons even slightly
off-boresight from the directional antennas will receive only a small fraction of the
maximum transmitted energy.

       The great distances involved further reduce power levels received on the ground.
Even if an airborne transmitter were aimed precisely at a person on the ground directly
below it, the signal strength received on the ground would be millions of times weaker
than FCC limits for the band.

       For all these reasons, the proposed operations present no meaningful health or
environmental risks.

           2. Google will avoid harmful interference to other users of the E-band.

       Google’s proposed experimental operations are designed to protect existing
users of the E-band from harmful interference.2 The authorized transmitters will be
collocated on shared platforms, and Google anticipates that only a small percentage of
the authorized transmitters typically will be in use in the United States at any given time.
To avoid harmful interference, Google’s proprietary interference-mitigation methods rely
on the Commission’s link registrations and information regarding Google’s own
operations, including the precise location of transmitters and the technical
characteristics both the transmitters and the antennas deployed. To ensure current
information, Google will retrieve E-band licensee information daily from an
FCC-authorized third-party database manager.

      With this information, Google will dynamically calculate available frequencies,
optimal bandwidths, and maximum transmit powers for any given location. Google will
not use combinations of center frequency, bandwidth, transmit power, and pointing

2
 S
 ​ee​ Letter from Wesley K. Wright, Counsel to Fixed Wireless Communications Coalition, Inc.,,
to Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary, FCC (filed Jan. 11, 2016) (asking for further information
regarding interference mitigation strategy).
                                               2


Google Inc.
File No. 0747-EX-PL-2015

direction that would cause its operations to exceed the non-interference objective set
forth in 47 C.F.R. § 101.105(a)(5)(i) at any registered receiver. If a non-interfering link
cannot be confirmed, Google’s transmissions will be suspended.

       Google has been conducting similar experiments under Call Signs WH9XYD and
WH2XUP without any known harmful interference. Should interference concerns arise
in connection with the proposed testing, however, E-band operators can report them to
Google at eband_testing@google.com.

       Because Google has developed a robust non-interference methodology and has
developed protocols for discontinuing transmissions if harmful interference is possible
or reported, its operations do not pose a meaningful risk to existing licensees and
should be approved.

     Please do not hesitate to contact me with any questions regarding this
submission.

                                                  Sincerely yours,


                                                  Aparna Sridhar




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Document Created: 2016-01-27 13:08:28
Document Modified: 2016-01-27 13:08:28

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